Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42329496›Full record

ReviewClinical reviews in allergy & immunology2026

Tertiary Lymphoid Structure: A Potential Therapeutic Target Affecting Immune Response in Autoimmune Diseases.

Yanni Li, Rongrong Zheng, Xiaoxuan Wei, Hongyu Chu, Yiming Huo, Haonan Sun, Deman Li, Yuhan Du, Guixian Ji, Bangmao Wang and 1 more

Abstract readReview
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In one paragraph

Review in Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yanni LiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Rongrong ZhengDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Xiaoxuan WeiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Hongyu ChuDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Yiming HuoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Haonan SunDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Deman LiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Yuhan DuDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Guixian JiDepartment of Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tianjin Beichen Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Bangmao WangDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Lu ZhouDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China. lzhou01@tmu.edu.cn.

Funding

the National Natural Science Foundation of China 2024YFA1307604
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Autoimmune diseases are characterized by the immune system's breakdown of self-tolerance, and manifest as either organ-specific or systemic conditions. Within the target tissues of diverse autoimmune diseases, tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) emerge under persistent inflammatory conditions. These pathological, ectopic lymphoid formations serve as sites for sustained antigen presentation, affinity maturation of antibodies, and proliferation /differentiation of B cells, thereby exacerbating local immune-mediated damage. Given their functional significance, TLSs represent promising candidates as diagnostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for autoimmune pathologies. This review synthesizes the current knowledge on the pathological relevance of TLSs, the mechanisms driving their formation and the therapeutic targeting potential, aiming to deepen the understanding of how TLSs influence the immune microenvironment in autoimmune disease pathology.

Indexed as

Autoimmune DiseasesB-LymphocytesTertiary Lymphoid StructuresAnimalsAntigen PresentationAutoimmunityBiomarkersHumansMolecular Targeted TherapyBiomarkersAntigen-antibody reactionAutoimmune diseasesImmune microenvironmentTertiary lymphoid structuresTherapeutic target

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.