ArticleTropical animal health and production2026
Hematological reference intervals and the influence of season, sex, age, and management on mithun (Bos frontalis).
Article in Tropical animal health and production, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
This study established hematological reference intervals (RI) and examined the influence of season, sex, age and management systems on the blood parameters of clinically healthy mithuns. Baseline values (mean ± SD) such as WBC (11.6 ± 2.7 × 10³/µL), RBC (6.2 ± 2.0 × 10⁶/µL), hemoglobin (10.0 ± 3.4 g/dL), hematocrit (31.9 ± 8.3%) and platelets (271 ± 132 × 10³/µL) were estimated. Seasonal variation was characterized by significant increases in MCV, MCH, and MPV during the winter while lymphocytes and RDW-CV increased in summer. Sex-related analysis revealed that the females had higher MCHC whereas the males exhibited higher monocytes and RDW indices. Older animals (> 3 years) displayed significantly higher WBC and RBC counts, with higher RDW-CV, whereas younger animals (≤ 3 years) showed macrocytic erythrocytes with higher MCV and MCH. Management system comparisons showed the mithuns under the semi-intensive system rearing had significantly higher MCV, MCH, MCHC, platelets, lymphocytes and pro-thrombocytic indices as compared to the free-ranging animals. These findings established robust hematological reference intervals for mithun and demonstrated clear modulation of hematological traits, providing a scientific basis for health monitoring, disease diagnosis, and improved management of this unique species.
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