ArticleFacts, views & vision in ObGyn2026
Music and oral premedication for pain management during outpatient hysteroscopy: results from a randomised controlled trial.
Article in Facts, views & vision in ObGyn, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Letter to the Editor: Research and audit are essential to improving women's experience of outpatient hysteroscopy.Facts, views & vision in ObGyn · 2026Article
- Letter to the Editor: "Music and oral premedication for pain management during outpatient hysteroscopy: results from a randomised controlled trial".Facts, views & vision in ObGyn · 2026Article
- Authors' reply to: "Music and oral premedication for pain management during outpatient hysteroscopy: results from a randomised controlled trial".Facts, views & vision in ObGyn · 2026Article
- Research and audit are essential for improving women's experience of outpatient hysteroscopy.Facts, views & vision in ObGyn · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Outpatient hysteroscopy is a common procedure, but pain can lead to failure and poor patient experience, especially in women without previous vaginal delivery and postmenopausal women. Objectives: To compare the use of music during outpatient hysteroscopy with oral pre-procedural analgesia or no pain control intervention on perioperative and postoperative pain. Methods: A randomised controlled trial was conducted at the outpatient hysteroscopy service of the University of Cagliari between December 2024 and June 2025. Women undergoing outpatient hysteroscopy were allocated to a music group (pre-defined instrumental relaxing music without lyrics, delivered through a Bluetooth speaker throughout the procedure), an oral premedication analgesia group (ibuprofen 200 mg + paracetamol 1000 mg, 90 min pre-procedure), or a control group (no pre-pharmacological or music-based analgesic support). A 5-mm hysteroscope and standardised vaginoscopic "no-touch" technique were used. Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome was maximum pain on a 0-10 visual analogue scale (VAS) intraoperatively (T0) and 30 minutes post-procedure (T1). Secondary outcomes included operative time, successful procedural completion, and complications. A pre-specified subgroup analysis was performed to explore potential treatment-by-previous vaginal delivery status (no previous vaginal delivery vs. women with a previous vaginal delivery) and menopausal status (reproductive age vs. menopause) interactions. Results: Two hundred sixty-four women were randomised; 88 to intraprocedural music, 89 to pre-operative analgesia, and 87 to no pain control intervention. Peak intraoperative pain did not differ across groups (VAS mean ± standard deviation: 3.4±1.0 in the music group, 3.5±1.45 in the oral premedication group, and 3.6±0.9 in the control group; Conclusions: The use of intraoperative music or pre-procedural analgesia with oral ibuprofen-paracetamol does not reduce pain compared with standard outpatient hysteroscopy. What is New?: Intraoperative music and oral analgesia during outpatient hysteroscopy are not more effective than standard hysteroscopy for reducing pain associated with outpatient hysteroscopy.
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