Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42328887›Full record

ArticleAnnals of neurology2026

Hyperacute Interleukin-1β Production and Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation in the Cerebral Circulation of Stroke Patients with Large Vessel Occlusion.

Justine Münsterberg, Caspar Brekenfeld, Hanna Englert, Marius Piepke, Regine J Dress, Martin Oertel, Tina Fischer, Romy Hackbusch, Mingming Zha, Haodi Cai and 24 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

34 authors.

Justine MünsterbergDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Caspar BrekenfeldDepartment of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Hanna EnglertInstitute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Marius PiepkeDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Regine J DressInstitute of Systems Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8785-5471
Martin OertelDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6876-1572
Tina FischerDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Romy HackbuschDepartment of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Mingming ZhaDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Haodi CaiDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Christian CasarBioinformatics Core, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8624-1045
Ines S SchädlichDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Leo WinterDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Alina JanderDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Karoline DegenhardtDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Maxim BesterDepartment of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Fabian FlottmannDepartment of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Uta HanningDepartment of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Brigitte HolstDepartment of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Anna WorthmanDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Johanna HiefnerDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Berenike RutzDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1805-4893
Eckhard SchlemmDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5729-2935
Götz ThomallaDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Bettina H ClausenDepartment of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Ann M StoweDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Immo PrinzInstitute of Systems Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Thiruma V ArumugamCentre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3377-0939
Markus GlatzelInstitute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Thomas RennéInstitute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Jens FiehlerDepartment of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Eva TolosaDepartment of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Tim MagnusDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Mathias GelderblomDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4254-3439

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveCerebral ischemia remains a major cause of disability, and the contribution of the hyperacute immune response is increasingly recognized. The aim of this study was to investigate the local inflammatory response in the affected brain of stroke patients with large vessel occlusion during the hyperacute phase of stroke.

methodsTo decipher the role of myeloid immune cells in stroke-induced inflammation, we performed an unsupervised multiomics analysis of innate immune pathways in ischemic blood obtained directly from the occluded middle cerebral artery in 54 patients undergoing mechanical recanalization. Paired nonischemic arterial blood served as an internal control.

resultsStroke triggered a local hyperacute activation of classical monocytes and neutrophils in the ischemic cerebral vasculature, with interleukin (IL)-1β emerging as a key mediator of inflammation. Elevated plasma adenosine triphosphate levels and inflammasome priming in intravascular monocytes were associated with IL-1β production within the occluded middle cerebral artery within 4.5 hours of stroke onset. IL-1β release coincided with increased neutrophil-attracting chemokines (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 [CXCL1], IL-8). Locally activated neutrophils formed neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) within the ischemic vasculature, a hallmark of thromboinflammation. Postmortem analyses revealed NET deposition within ischemic brain parenchyma.

interpretationThese findings indicate increased IL-1β expression and enhanced NET formation within the cerebral circulation in stroke caused by large vessel occlusion, suggesting that these mechanisms might contribute to early stroke pathophysiology and represent potential targets for immunomodulatory strategies. ANN NEUROL 2026;100:824-840.

Indexed as

Brain IschemiaCerebrovascular CirculationExtracellular TrapsInfarction, Middle Cerebral ArteryInterleukin-1betaNeutrophilsStrokeAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedInterleukin-1beta

Identifiers

PMID42328887
PMCPMC13587107

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.