ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2026
Evaluation of free radical scavenging and anxiolytic activities of
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Aim of the Study: This study evaluated the antioxidant and anxiolytic potential of hydroalcoholic extracts and solvent fractions of Materials and Methods: Fruits were extracted with 70% hydroalcoholic solvent and successively fractionated with solvents of increasing polarity. Antioxidant activity was assessed via total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH radical scavenging, and reducing power assays. The most active ethyl acetate fraction underwent bioactivity-guided isolation, yielding three fatty acids (myristic, palmitic, and stearic acid) characterized by spectroscopic methods. Anxiolytic effects of the isolates were tested in Swiss albino mice using elevated plus maze (EPM) and light-dark arena (LDA) tests. Acute oral toxicity was evaluated per OECD guidelines (2000 mg/kg). In-silico studies included molecular docking against MAO, GABA(A) β3 subunit, COMT, and SERT, followed by 200 ns MD simulations to assess binding stability. Results: The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest antioxidant activity (TPC: 337.408 ± mg GAE/g; TFC: 286.665 ± mg RU/g) with superior DPPH scavenging and reducing power. Stearic acid exhibited significant anxiolytic-like effects in both EPM and LDA tests (P < 0.01-0.001 vs. control), comparable to diazepam, without sedation or motor impairment. No acute toxicity was observed at 2000 mg/kg. Docking revealed strong binding affinities (ΔG = -5.3 to -7.6 kcal/mol) driven by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. MD simulations confirmed complex stability over 200 ns with favourable RMSD, RMSF, and persistent interactions. Conclusion: This study provides the first mechanistic evidence supporting the traditional Persian use of
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