ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2026
Utility of intraoperative 3-dimensional C-arm cone-beam computed tomography for hepatic transarterial chemoembolization.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Hepatic transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a palliative treatment option for unresectable hepatic tumors in dogs. Accurate identification of tumor-feeding arteries, including extrahepatic collaterals, is essential for therapeutic efficacy but remains challenging with conventional digital subtraction angiography (cDSA). This study evaluated the feasibility and clinical utility of intraoperative C-arm cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) during hepatic TACE in dogs compared with conventional mobile C-arm fluoroscopy. Methods: This retrospective study included 36 client-owned dogs undergoing hepatic TACE. Dogs were divided into two groups: the CBCT group ( Results: Technical success was achieved in all procedures. There were no significant differences in median anesthesia or procedure times between the groups. The median DAP per body weight was significantly lower in the CBCT group than in the control group ( Conclusion: Intraoperative C-arm CBCT is a feasible and effective technique for hepatic TACE in dogs. The use of CBCT-derived 3D roadmap guidance enhanced the visualization of vascular anatomy and detection of small extrahepatic collateral vessels while significantly reducing the radiation dose and angiographic contrast medium volume.
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