Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42327989›Full record

ArticleJournal of diabetes and metabolic disorders2026

Real-time continuous glucose monitoring in adults with type 2 diabetes managed with non-intensive insulin regimens: impact on glycemia and self-management.

Ayman Al Hayek, Wael M Alzahrani, Mo'men Al Ajlouni, Mohamed A Al Dawish

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ayman Al HayekResearch and Innovation Institute, Ministry of Defense Health Services, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3483-3196
Wael M AlzahraniDepartment of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Mo'men Al AjlouniHealth Education Administration, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, P.O. Box 7897, 11159 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Mohamed A Al DawishDepartment of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Real-time continuous glucose monitoring (RT-CGM) is increasingly used to support glycemic optimization and enhance diabetes self-management. However, evidence regarding its clinical and behavioral effects in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who are not using intensive insulin therapy remains limited. Methods: This prospective, single-arm, 12-week study evaluated adults with T2D and suboptimal glycemic control (HbA1c > 7.0%) who were not using intensive insulin therapy and subsequently initiated RT-CGM. Clinical, metabolic, and glycemic parameters, as well as patient-reported outcomes assessed using the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ), were recorded. CGM metrics, including time in range (%TIR Results: A total of 118 participants were included in the study. RT-CGM use was associated with improved HbA1c (MD - 0.44%, Conclusion: Twelve weeks of RT-CGM use were associated with improvements in glycemic control, reductions in insulin requirements, favorable changes in CGM-derived risk metrics, and enhanced diabetes self-management behaviors in adults with T2D managed with non-intensive insulin regimens. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-026-01982-9.

Indexed as

Continuous glucose monitoringDiabetes mellitus, type 2Glycemic Control

Identifiers

PMID42327989
PMCPMC13282411

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.