Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42327585›Full record

ArticleJournal of Cancer2026

Association between obesity, sex, medical comorbidities, and survival in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Mingjia Li, Daniel J Spakowicz, Songzhu Zhao, Hyunwoo Kwon, Kenneth Chian, Adam Khorasanchi, Yizhen Guo, Lai Wei, Lingbin Meng, Yuanquan Yang and 14 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of Cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Mingjia LiDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Daniel J SpakowiczDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Songzhu ZhaoDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Hyunwoo KwonPelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Kenneth ChianCollege of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Adam KhorasanchiDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Yizhen GuoCollege of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Lai WeiDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Lingbin MengDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Yuanquan YangDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Asrar AlahmadiDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Regan M MemmottDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Jacob KaufmanDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Kai HeDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Peter G ShieldsDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Thomas A MaceDivision of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Mitch A PhelpsCollege of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Christopher C CossCollege of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Zihai LiDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Kari L KendraDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
David P CarboneDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Gregory A OttersonDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Carolyn J PresleyDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Dwight H OwenDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Obesity's impact on cancer treatment outcomes is poorly understood, especially in the context of immuno-oncology. This study explores how obesity and medical comorbidities are associated with overall survival in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Additionally, considering the influence of sex on body composition in obesity, this study examines the relationship between sex, obesity, medical comorbidities, and survival. Methods: This cohort study involved 688 patients with metastatic cancer received ICIs as first- or second-line therapy. Obesity was assessed using body mass index (BMI). Cox proportional hazard models and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used to examine associations between predictors and overall survival. Results: Patients with higher BMI had longer overall survival, and hazard ratio (HR) for death was 0.83 (95% CI 0.73-0.95) for every 10 units increased in BMI. Additionally, patients belonged to the highest BMI group (≥ 40) had the lowest risk of death when comparing to patients with BMI 18.5 to < 30 with HR 0.58 (95% CI 0.37-0.90). In subgroup analysis, a significant association between high BMI and decreased HR for death was predominantly observed in the male cohort. In multivariate analysis, the prognostic value of BMI remained significant after adjusting for performance status, line of therapy, age-adjusted medical comorbidities, and cancer type. Conclusions: Obesity was associated with decreased mortality risk for cancer patients who had received ICIs. There could be a sex-dependent association between survival benefit and obesity.

Identifiers

PMID42327585
PMCPMC13280536

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.