Ableism in Applied Behavior Analysis: A Beginner's Guide to Understanding and Dismantling Ableism in Practice with Autistic People.

Ableism is biased covert behavior or overtly discriminatory actions against people who are disabled. Ableism often involves words and actions that convey an attitude or belief that disabled people are inferior to nondisabled people, irrespective of whether the person holding these views (i.e., private events) is aware that their thoughts are biased or actions are discriminatory. All people have biases that have grown out of their exposure to harmful social norms, models, and observational learning as well as experiences and contingencies. As practitioners, administrators, instructors, and scientists, we are responsible for recognizing our own biases and actively working to alter our words and behavior so that our biases do not manifest in discrimination. This paper describes ableism and its impact on applied behavior analytic (ABA) practices, services, and supports and on the Autistic people we serve. The authors provide a brief discussion of the current efforts to reform ABA services and where they view anti-ableism is situated in the reform ABA movement. Then the bulk of the paper features examples of ableist practices and suggestions for dismantling ableism in ABA practice. Although these suggestions largely have not yet been submitted to empirical investigation, the general paucity of research in this area combined with the ethical directive to avoid discrimination requires practitioners to begin this work while empirical research is in its infancy. The companion article "Ableism in Applied Behavior Analysis: Historical Context of Services for Autistic People" (McComas et al., in press) provides a more in-depth exploration of the historical context of ableism in ABA.