Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42327161›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

AI-guided analysis of human pancreatic islet sociology reveals distinct cell compositional changes in type 1 diabetes.

Caroline Ward, Tabitha Banks-Tibbs, Henry Thorpe, Antonia M Giles, Samuel J Mabry, Jia-Jun Liu, Hung-Ching Chang, Jinting Yang, Aidan F Carney, Halla M Shaikh and 9 more

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Caroline WardDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7296-9732
Tabitha Banks-TibbsDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Henry ThorpeBiostatistics Facility, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1580-3757
Antonia M GilesDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9325-3044
Samuel J MabryDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4856-4481
Jia-Jun LiuDepartment of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.ORCID 0009-0001-3677-613X
Hung-Ching ChangDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4847-2547
Jinting YangDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Aidan F CarneyDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Halla M ShaikhDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Lauren M WoolleyDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Paul N JosephDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Jenesis KozelDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9826-1713
Emily M RochaDepartment of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2171-5104
Guy A RutterCardiometabolic Axis, CR-CHUM and Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, QC, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-6360-0343
George C TsengDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5447-1014
Silvia LiuDepartment of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1840-9520
Lora L PlessMicrobial Genomic Epidemiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Zachary FreybergDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6460-0118

Funding

CLINICAL RESEARCH TRAINING IN LATE-LIFE MOOD DISORDERST32MH019986 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI HOWARD J AIZENSTEIN, Carmen Andreescu · 1997 to 2026
$6.9M
Understanding putative beta-cell subtypesR01DK139630 · NIDDK · VAN ANDEL RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI John Andrew Pospisilik · 2024 to 2026
$2.7M
Control of insulin secretion by mitochondrial fusionR01DK135268 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Brett A Kaufman, Scott Soleimanpour · 2023 to 2026
$2.4M
Interinstitutional Program in Cell and Molecular Biology: A Graduate Training Path to Promote Traditional and Non-Traditional Professional OutcomesT32GM133353 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI BRODSKY, JEFFREY L., MURRAY, SANDRA ANN · 2020 to 2024
$1.5M
Novel dopaminergic mechanisms of islet hormone secretion and antipsychotic drug-induced metabolic disturbancesR01DK124219 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI FREYBERG, ZACHARY · 2021 to 2023
$1.2M
Advanced computational approaches for single-cell multi-omics integrationR35GM159862 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI Shuchang Silvia Liu · 2025 to 2026
$875k
High-Throughput Computing for Genomics and Bioinformatics ResearchS10OD028483 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI LEE, ADRIAN V · 2021 to 2021
$574k
Dissecting the functional relevance of unique subpopulations of striatal dopamine receptors in opioid use disorderR36DA057972 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI KOZEL, JENESIS · 2023 to 2024
$108k
NIDA NIH HHS R36 DA057972NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK124219NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK135268NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK139630NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM159862NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM133353NIH HHS S10 OD028483NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH019986
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human pancreatic islets exhibit greater anatomic and cellular heterogeneity than previously appreciated, raising fundamental questions about how their composition varies with age, sex, region, and islet size and how type 1 diabetes (T1D) alters these relationships. Yet these questions remained largely unresolved due to the bottleneck of manual tissue inspection. Here, we developed an integrated artificial intelligence (AI)-guided imaging, processing, and statistical pipeline enabling unbiased, high-throughput analysis of more than 2 million candidate islets from 106 non-diabetic (ND) and T1D donors. We identified age-, region-, sex-, and islet size-dependent differences in islet distribution and composition between ND and T1D donors. Profound β-cell loss in T1D was accompanied by reciprocal α-cell expansion, whereas δ-cells and pancreatic polypeptide cells were largely resilient. Cell area and pseudotime analyses uncovered regional and age-dependent trajectories of islet remodeling across T1D progression, along with distinct patterns of cytoarchitectural reorganization of the endocrine pancreas.

Indexed as

artificial intelligenceendocrine objectsimage analysisislet cell compositionpancreatic isletsType 1 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID42327161
PMCPMC13277830

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.