ArticleCardiology research2026
Comparison of Single-Freezing Temperature-Guided and Conventional Time-to-Isolation-Guided Protocols of Cryoballoon in Atrial Fibrillation Ablation.
Article in Cardiology research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: The study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of simplified single-freezing protocol with achieving -40 °C within 60 s of freezing as the observation index and the conventional time-to-isolation (TTI)-guided double-freezing protocol using second-generation cryoballoon in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed. After propensity score matching, 146 patients who underwent conventional TTI-guided protocol freezing (conventional group) and 146 patients who underwent single-freezing temperature-guided protocol freezing (simplified group) using second-generation cryoballoon were included. Procedure time, X-ray time and dose, complications, success rate, and recurrence rate during follow-up were analyzed. Results: Compared with the conventional group, the simplified group showed a significant reduction in procedure time (98.8 ± 16.3 vs. 79.4 ± 12.7 min, P < 0.001), and X-ray time (24.3 ± 6.8 vs. 17.8 ± 4.9 min, P < 0.001) and dose (681.1 ± 337.8 vs. 540.1 ± 343.7 mGy, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the success rate of acute pulmonary vein isolation between the two groups of patients (145/146 vs. 146/146, P = 0.975) and the proportion of maintaining sinus rhythm during follow-up (114/146 vs. 109/146, P = 0.842). Cox regression analysis showed that simplified protocol is not a predictive factor for recurrence in AF cryoablation. Conclusions: In summary, the single-freezing temperature-guided protocol demonstrates comparable efficacy and safety to conventional TTI-guided protocol of second-generation cryoballoon in the AF ablation with the advantages of reducing procedure time and radiation exposure.
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