ArticleIJID regions2026
Hand hygiene knowledge and practices among patients in selected health facilities of Mukono and Kagadi districts in Uganda: A cross-sectional study.
Article in IJID regions, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Hand hygiene (HH) is a cost-effective measure for preventing healthcare-associated infections, yet patient involvement in promoting HH in healthcare facilities remains underexplored in low-resource settings. This study assessed HH knowledge and practices among patients attending selected health facilities in Mukono and Kagadi districts in Uganda. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between May and June 2025 among 854 adult patients from 32 purposively selected health facilities. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire programmed in KoboCollect, including items on self-reported HH practices. Data were analyzed in Stata 14 using descriptive statistics and modified Poisson regression to identify factors associated with HH knowledge and practices. Results: Overall, 61.5% of respondents had adequate HH knowledge, while only 29.6% demonstrated good HH practices. Most participants (92.9%) identified infection prevention as the main purpose of HH, and 59.5% reported receiving HH information from health care workers. Adequate knowledge was higher among patients from Mukono (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22-1.57), older participants (aPR = 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00-1.01), and those of middle socioeconomic status (aPR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.01-1.30). However, good HH practices were less prevalent in Mukono (aPR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.44-0.69) and among rural residents of Kagadi districts (aPR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.56-0.88). Conclusion: Despite relatively high HH knowledge, patient practices were suboptimal. Targeted behavioral interventions are needed to bridge the knowledge-practice gap.
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