ArticleCureus2026
Diversity in Academic Otolaryngology: Career Outcomes for Underrepresented Groups.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate disparities in gender and racial/ethnic representation among otolaryngology faculty and assess how these demographics correspond with academic rank, research productivity, and institutional diversity initiatives. Methods This is a cross-sectional analysis. Faculty from 102 otolaryngology residency programs were reviewed between May and June 2024 using public registries. Data included demographics, academic title, leadership roles, and research productivity. Generalized estimating equations were employed to assess associations between race/ethnicity, gender, and career outcomes, adjusting for confounders. Results Of the 1,802 identified faculty, 118 (6.6%) identified as underrepresented in medicine and 536 (29.8%) were female. Faculty underrepresented in medicine demonstrated fewer citations (adjusted mean ratio [AMR] = 0.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49-0.93), but other productivity and advancement metrics were comparable to non-underrepresented peers. Female faculty had fewer years in practice (AMR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.58-0.72), lower h-index (AMR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.69-0.85), fewer publications (AMR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.54-0.76), and fewer citations (AMR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.54-0.87). Institutions with diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives demonstrated increased female-to-male faculty ratios (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.33, 95% CI 1.07-1.65), though no association was observed for those identified as underrepresented in medicine. Conclusion While faculty underrepresented in medicine remain few in academic otolaryngology, those in faculty positions achieve comparable career outcomes. Female otolaryngologists experience disparities in productivity and academic advancement. Diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives are associated with greater gender parity but require targeted expansion to address racial/ethnic advancement.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.