Parental Leave Policies in Obstetrics and Gynecology Training Programs in the United States and Canada.

Shunaha Kim-Fine, Lauren Caldwell, William Winkelman, Ladin Yurteri-Kaplan, Dee Das, Cara L Grimes, Amy Josephine Park

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in O&G open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Shunaha Kim-FineCumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; and Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY.

Lauren CaldwellCumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; and Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY.

William WinkelmanCumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; and Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY.

Ladin Yurteri-KaplanCumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; and Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY.

Dee DasCumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; and Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY.

Cara L GrimesCumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; and Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY.

Amy Josephine ParkCumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; and Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo assess parental benefits across accredited U.S. and Canadian obstetrics and gynecology residency programs.

methodsThis was a cross-sectional study conducted from 2024 to 2025. All 292 residency programs in the United States were invited to participate by email, and U.S. and Canadian institutional websites were reviewed for publicly available policies. Policies were evaluated using a framework of 26 "transparency items" derived from prior work in general surgery. Descriptive statistics are reported as numbers (percentages) or medians (ranges).

resultsData were obtained from 66 of 292 U.S. programs (22.6%) and 10 of 16 Canadian obstetrics and gynecology residency programs (62.5%). Parental leave policies were obtained by direct response in 55.4% of cases and through online review in the remaining 44.6%. The median number of transparency items addressed at each program was 12 (0, 20) in U.S. programs and 14.5 (13, 18) in Canadian programs. Although most programs reported having parental leave policies, detailed information was usually lacking. The U.S. programs offered a median of 8 weeks of maternity leave (range 6-26 weeks), indicating considerable variability. Canadian programs were generally more transparent and provided longer leaves for both maternity and paternity benefits.

conclusionParental leave policies in obstetrics and gynecology training remain inconsistent and often lack transparency.

Identifiers

PMID42325830

DOI10.1097/og9.0000000000000177

PMCPMC13278334

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY-NC-ND

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.