ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2026
Sex differences in the association of adverse childhood experiences with brain and cognition along a continuum of risk for Alzheimer's disease.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionWomen make up two-thirds of people with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Research has focused on biological explanations for this sex difference, while contributions of psychosocial risk factors are less well understood.
methodsWe examined sex differences in the effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on late-life cognition in groups along a continuum of AD risk: cognitively unimpaired controls (CU; n = 128), subjective cognitive decline (SCD; n = 113), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 241), and AD (n = 77), from the Canadian Consortium on Neurodegeneration in Aging Comprehensive Assessment of Neurodegeneration and Dementia (COMPASS-ND) study.
resultsWomen reported more ACEs than men. There were negative associations between ACEs and hippocampal and prefrontal cortical volumes in CU men and prefrontal volumes in men with SCD. In MCI, ACEs were linked to poorer executive function and associative memory in women. No ACE-related effects were found in AD. DISCUSSION: ACEs may have enduring effects on late-life cognition that differ between men and women and vary by cognitive status.
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