ArticleCirculation2026
Consumption of Fructose-Containing Food and Beverage Sources in Childhood Through to Adulthood and Risk of Hypertension: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Article in Circulation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHigh intakes of fructose-containing sugars among children and adolescents is implicated in obesity and related comorbidities, including hypertension. However, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), fruit juices, and whole fruit have different nutritional profiles and matrices, which may confer different effects on blood pressure.
methodsGUTS (Growing Up Today Study) is a longitudinal cohort of 25 749 individuals (55% female) drawn from 2 enrollment waves, GUTS 1 (n=16 875; baseline 1996) and GUTS II (n=10 918; baseline 2004), followed up prospectively through 2021 (mean age at enrollment, 12 years; mean age at end of follow-up, 36 years). Participants provided updated information on lifestyle, health status, and habitual diet through validated food frequency questionnaires every 1 to 4 years. We conducted multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate the associations of total fructose and SSB, fruit juice, and whole fruit intake (cumulative averages) with incident hypertension (hazard ratios [HRs] and 95% CIs), adjusting for major diet and lifestyle factors. We also modeled substitutions of SSBs or fruit juice with whole fruit, milk, and water.
resultsDuring up to 25 years of follow-up, 1625 participants (6.3%) reported a hypertension diagnosis. Total fructose intake was not associated with incident hypertension (highest versus lowest quintile HR, 1.07 [95% CI, 0.92, 1.25];
conclusionsSSB and fruit juice intakes were positively associated with a higher risk of hypertension independently of overall diet quality, physical activity, and other factors. Our findings support public health guidelines to limit the overconsumption of SSBs and fruit juice starting in childhood to protect against the development of hypertension.
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