Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42323411›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

A scalable solution for multi-symptom disease prediction and lifestyle recommendations using machine learning.

Akbar Hussain, Saif Al-Jumaili, Faiza Tahir, Sehrish Munawar Cheema, Eshmal Malik, Amna Anwar, Frederico Branco, Ivan Miguel Pires

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Akbar HussainKnowledge Unit of Systems and Technology, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot, Pakistan.
Saif Al-JumailiInstitute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering (IBEB), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
Faiza TahirKnowledge Unit of Systems and Technology, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot, Pakistan.
Sehrish Munawar CheemaDepartment of Computer Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan. sehrish.munawar@umt.edu.pk.
Eshmal MalikKnowledge Unit of Systems and Technology, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot, Pakistan.
Amna AnwarKnowledge Unit of Systems and Technology, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot, Pakistan.
Frederico BrancoInstitute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science (INESC TEC), Porto, Portugal.
Ivan Miguel PiresInstituto de Telecomunicações, Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão de Águeda, Universidade de Aveiro, Águeda, Portugal. impires@ua.pt.

Funding

Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia UID/50014/2025
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Accurate prediction of diseases from multiple co-occurring symptoms remains an important challenge in intelligent healthcare systems. Machine-learning models can support early symptom-based risk screening; however, their clinical use is limited by dataset quality, lack of external validation, interpretability concerns, and the risk of overstated diagnostic claims. This study presents a mobile decision-support prototype for multi-symptom disease prediction and rule-based lifestyle recommendation. The experiments were conducted using the publicly available Kaggle Medicine Recommendation System Dataset, which contains 4,920 symptom-based records spanning 41 disease classes, along with supporting files for disease descriptions, precautions, medications, dietary suggestions, and workout recommendations. Seven supervised machine-learning models were evaluated, including Decision Tree, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, XGBoost, Support Vector Machine, and K-Nearest Neighbors. The best-performing models achieved high classification accuracy under the adopted evaluation protocol. To avoid overinterpretation, these results are reported as benchmark performance on a secondary public dataset rather than evidence of clinical diagnostic validity. The Android-Flask prototype links the predicted disease class to a lookup-based recommendation layer that retrieves disease-associated information from supporting datasets. The system should therefore be interpreted as a decision-support and educational prototype, not as a clinically validated diagnostic or prescribing tool. Future work should include external validation in independent clinical cohorts, clinician assessment of recommendations, robustness testing under missing or noisy symptom data, and broader evaluation across real-world healthcare settings.

Indexed as

Life StyleMachine LearningBayes TheoremBoosting Machine Learning AlgorithmsClassification AlgorithmsHumansPrediction AlgorithmsPredictive Learning ModelsRandom ForestDisease diagnosisFood recommendationHealthcareMachine Learning (ML)Prediction

Identifiers

PMID42323411
PMCPMC13558571

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.