Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42322491›Full record

ReviewDiscover nano2026

Nanotechnology revolutionizing antimicrobial therapy for superbug infections.

Akmal Zubair, Syeda Zaira Batool, Abdullah M Alkahtani, Muhammad Yaqoob Shahani, Naila Afghan

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Discover nano, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Akmal ZubairDepartment of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. akmalkhattak1994@gmail.com.
Syeda Zaira BatoolDepartment of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Abdullah M AlkahtaniCollege of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Muhayil Asir, Saudi Arabia.
Muhammad Yaqoob ShahaniDepartment of Anesthesia Technology and Operations, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Muhayil Aseer, Saudi Arabia.
Naila AfghanDepartment of Biology, Kabul University, Kabul, Afghanistan. nailaafghan650@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Infectious diseases still pose one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world, and the problem of antimicrobial resistance is becoming more and more dangerous to the health of global populations. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria have emerged rapidly, and this has become a cause of concern among international health organizations and government agencies such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO). The scarcity of the emergence of new antimicrobial agents and the decreasing efficacy of the current antibiotics predominantly cause this crisis. The mechanisms of bacterial resistance are varied and some of them include enzyme inactivation, low-membrane permeability, target site protection or alteration, target overexpression, structural changes of the enzymes or cellular structures, and increased efflux through overexpressed efflux pumps. Due to their distinctive physicochemical characteristics, nanoparticles have become the potentially promising antimicrobial agents that can either work alone or serve as the carriers of antimicrobial agents without necessarily undergoing the standard mechanisms of resistance. Nanoparticle categories, such as metallic, organic, carbon-based, and hybrid systems have proved to be very effective with regard to antibacterial activity against MDR pathogens. Moreover, nanoparticles are under investigation in combination with plant-derived antimicrobials to improve the ability and minimize the toxicity. Recent methods of using nanoparticles are biofilm disruption, quorum sensing, plasmid eradication, efflux pump, and synergist antimicrobial combinations. Irrespective of these improvements, there are safety, biocompatibility, scalability, and environmental impact issues. This review comprises newly developed developments in nanoparticle-based approaches to addressing drug-resistant bacteria and addresses their clinical translation possibilities.

Indexed as

AntibioticsMulti-drug resistance bacteriaNanoparticlesProtein channels

Identifiers

PMID42322491
PMCPMC13283264

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.