Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42321672›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2026

Low Panton-Valentine leukocidin prevalence in circulating community MRSA: a genomic surveillance study in Qatar.

Ristha Kamar, Khaloud J Alobaidli, Alyaa N Al Nuaimi, Rasha Abu-El-Ruz, Mutassim A Salih, Susu M Zughaier, Asmaa A Al Thani, Merin Alex, Khalid H Elawad, Nahla O Eltai

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Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ristha Kamar *Biomedical Research Centre, QU Health Sector, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar.
Khaloud J Alobaidli *Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar.
Alyaa N Al NuaimiDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar.
Rasha Abu-El-RuzDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar.
Mutassim A SalihBiomedical Research Centre, QU Health Sector, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar.
Susu M ZughaierCollege of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar.
Asmaa A Al ThaniBiomedical Research Centre, QU Health Sector, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar.
Merin AlexHealth Protection, PHCC, Doha, 26555, Qatar.
Khalid H ElawadHealth Protection, PHCC, Doha, 26555, Qatar.
Nahla O EltaiBiomedical Research Centre, QU Health Sector, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar. nahla.eltai@qu.edu.qa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundStaphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), particularly methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), is a major human pathogen causing severe infections. While well studied in hospitals, limited data exist on the transmission and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) in the Gulf region. This study investigated the AMR patterns of CA-MRSA.

methodsNasal and axillary swabs from 576 asymptomatic residents of Qatar without a history of hospitalization, surgery, dialysis, or indwelling medical devices in the preceding 12 months, and those who have not used antibiotics within the previous 3 months were analyzed. S. aureus was isolated on mannitol salt agar, confirmed by VITEK® 2 Compact, and methicillin resistance was determined by cefoxitin disc diffusion. AMR profiling followed CLSI guidelines. PCR and whole-genome sequencing using the GridION platform were performed for molecular confirmation and genomic characterization, including gene annotation and phylogenetic analysis. All sequences were deposited in NCBI.

resultsOf 60 confirmed S. aureus isolates (10.4% prevalence), 35% (n = 21) were MRSA, yielding an overall MRSA carriage prevalence of 3.6% (21/576). Most MRSA isolates came from young asymptomatic individuals aged 18 to 45 (80%, 17/21) and from men (58%, 12/21). Among the 21 MRSA isolates identified in this cohort, resistance rates were 29% for erythromycin and ciprofloxacin, 24% for tetracycline, 14% for gentamicin, and 10% for sulfonamides. A total of 71% of the isolates exhibited multidrug resistance. All MRSA isolates carried the methicillin resistance gene (mecA), while 4.7% harbored the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) gene. Phylogenetic analysis revealed four distinct clusters, indicating a polyclonal community rather than a single spreading strain.

conclusionsThe prevalence of multidrug-resistant MRSA with key virulence factors may represent a continuing public health concern, underscoring the need for strengthened community surveillance, antimicrobial stewardship, and infection control to monitor and limit the spread of multiple circulating strains.

Indexed as

Bacterial ToxinsCommunity-Acquired InfectionsExotoxinsLeukocidinsMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusStaphylococcal InfectionsAdolescentAdultAnti-Bacterial AgentsDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialFemaleHumansMaleMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMiddle AgedPhylogenyAnti-Bacterial AgentsBacterial ToxinsExotoxinsLeukocidinsPanton-Valentine leukocidinAMRCommunity-associatedMDRMRSAMSSAS. aureus

Identifiers

PMID42321672
PMCPMC13528023

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