Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42320477›Full record

ArticleCell systems2026

Capturing the dynamics of STAT6 macrophage polarization using bioluminescence temporal signatures.

Shiyuan Zheng, Yi-Hsuan Chiang, Dasia Aldarondo, Alexandra Locke, Jagadambika Gunaje, Jennifer Davis, Zachary R Fox, Belinda S Akpa, Elizabeth Wayne

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cell systems, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Shiyuan ZhengDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Yi-Hsuan ChiangDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Dasia AldarondoDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Alexandra LockeComputational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
Jagadambika GunajeInstitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Jennifer DavisInstitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Zachary R FoxComputational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
Belinda S AkpaComputational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA. Electronic address: bakpa1@utk.edu.
Elizabeth WayneInstitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Electronic address: lizwayne@uw.edu.

Funding

Elucidating spatial and temporal dynamics of macrophage polarization using bioluminescence microscopyR35GM142957 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI WAYNE, ELIZABETH C · 2021 to 2025
$1.8M
NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM142957
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) signaling is activated by interleukin 4 (IL-4) and IL-13 and drives alternative macrophage polarization, which is pivotal in wound healing, immunosuppression, and tumor progression. STAT6 functions by forming a phosphorylated homodimer and binding to STAT6-responsive promoter elements to regulate anti-inflammatory genes. Measuring STAT6 activity can serve as a proxy for assessing macrophage polarization. We developed a STAT6-responsive-element (RE) THP-1 reporter to assess STAT6 activation in response to inflammatory stimuli. We quantitatively measured macrophage polarization by using bioluminescence temporal spectrometry (BTS). Human THP-1 monocytes were transduced with lentivirus to express STAT6-RE-firefly luciferase (FLuc)-green fluorescent protein (GFP). The STAT6-RE accurately reported endogenous STAT6 activity, as confirmed by ELISA, western blotting, bioluminescence, and imaging techniques. We developed a systems model to connect emergent bioluminescence to the kinetics of relevant STAT6 cellular signaling events. These results indicate a probe for assessing macrophage alternative polarization, enhancing our understanding of the relationship between molecular mechanisms and macrophage polarization.

Indexed as

Luminescent MeasurementsMacrophagesSTAT6 Transcription FactorHumansInterleukin-4Macrophage ActivationMonocytesPhosphorylationSignal TransductionTHP-1 CellsInterleukin-4STAT6 protein, humanSTAT6 Transcription Factorbioluminescencemacrophage polarization measurementsmacrophagesmonocytesresponse element reportersSTAT6systems modeling

Identifiers

PMID42320477
PMCPMC13616233

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.