ArticleEuropean archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry2026
Effect of ammonia-free silver fluoride and silver diammine fluoride on immediate microshear bond strength of resin-modified glass ionomer to demineralised primary tooth dentine.
Article in European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to compare the effect of water-based ammonia-free silver fluoride (SF) and silver diammine fluoride (SDF) on the microshear bond strength (MSBS) of resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGIC) to artificially demineralised primary tooth dentine.
methodsTwenty-four extracted primary molars were prepared to expose mid-coronal dentine; two bonding sites per tooth (total = 48 specimens) were chemically demineralised (pH 4.8) to simulate active caries. Specimens were randomised into three groups (n = 16): SF (Riva Star Aqua), SDF (Cariestop 30%), and Control (distilled water). RMGIC (Riva Light Cure HV) was bonded and stored for 24 h at 37 °C. MSBS was measured using a universal testing machine, and failure modes were analysed using a stereomicroscope. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA with Tamhane's T2 post hoc test (α = 0.05).
resultsThe SF group exhibited significantly lower bond strength (3.65 ± 1.80 MPa) than the Control (6.86 ± 3.15 MPa, p < 0.01) and SDF groups (6.65 ± 4.80 MPa, p < 0.05). No significant difference was found between SDF and Control (p > 0.05); however, the SDF group demonstrated greater variability, consistent with Weibull analysis. Adhesive failure predominated across all groups, with SDF showing more mixed failures.
conclusionWater-based SF significantly compromised RMGIC adhesion to demineralised primary tooth dentine. SDF maintained comparable mean bond strength to the control but with higher variability. Ammonia-free SF formulations may reduce immediate RMGIC retention when used before restoration, and this interaction may warrant protocol optimisation in SMART-based applications.
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