Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42318578›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in artificial intelligence2026

Machine learning analysis of student consumer choices for pet supplements.

Ta-Chen Chen, Hui Yu Chung, Fu Shih Chen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in artificial intelligence, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ta-Chen ChenGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Hui Yu ChungGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Fu Shih ChenGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Motivated by the rising global trend of veterinary Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) usage and a specific data gap in Taiwan, this study investigates the consumption behavior of future pet owners. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Taiwanese medical university students using a validated online questionnaire. Beyond traditional descriptive statistics, this study employed machine learning techniques to analyze owner demographics, pet characteristics, and determinants of CAM usage. Results: Data analysis revealed a strong correlation between positive owner perceptions-specifically satisfaction, belief in benefits, and understanding-and targeted CAM application. A decision tree model successfully identified "overall satisfaction" as the primary splitting criterion for user segmentation, followed by belief and understanding. Predictive modeling demonstrated high accuracy in identifying usage motivations for joint and digestive health, though predicting "immune system boosting" proved more complex due to behavioral variability. Conclusion: Owner satisfaction is the critical predictor of CAM usage patterns. While the predictive model for specific conditions, such as joint and digestive health, yielded high accuracy (AUC > 0.93), these findings should be interpreted as an exploratory framework given the pilot nature of the study and the limited sample size (

Indexed as

Complementary and Alternative Medicineconsumer behaviordecision treemachine learningpet owner perceptionpet supplements

Identifiers

PMID42318578
PMCPMC13272473

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.