ReviewDiabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy2026
GLP-1 Agonists in Adolescent Obesity: A Narrative Review of Single, Dual, and Triple Agonists.
Review in Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Adolescent obesity is an escalating global health concern associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and long-term metabolic complications. Although lifestyle interventions remain first-line therapy, their limited long-term effectiveness has led to increasing interest in pharmacological approaches. This narrative review evaluates the mechanisms, clinical efficacy, and safety of glucagon-like peptie-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, as well as emerging dual and triple incretin-based therapies, in the management of adolescent obesity. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus, focusing on clinical trials, systematic reviews, and real-world studies published between 2010 and 2024. Evidence from pediatric and adolescent populations was prioritized, while adult data were included where adolescent-specific evidence remains unavailable and are interpreted cautiously. Among single-agent therapies, GLP-1 receptor agonists have demonstrated clinically meaningful weight reduction and metabolic benefits in adolescents. In the STEP TEENS trial, once-weekly semaglutide resulted in approximately 16% mean body weight reduction over 68 weeks, while liraglutide produced more modest reductions. Dual agonists such as tirzepatide and emerging triple agonists, including retatrutide, have shown superior weight-loss efficacy in adult populations; however, pediatric data for these agents remain limited or unavailable. Across all incretin-based therapies, gastrointestinal adverse effects are the most commonly reported side effects. In conclusion, GLP-1 receptor agonists represent an effective pharmacological option for adolescents with obesity, while dual and triple incretin agonists offer promising future therapeutic potential. Nevertheless, the clinical application of multi-receptor agonists in adolescents requires caution, as long-term safety, developmental outcomes, and real-world adherence data in pediatric populations are still lacking. Further well-designed pediatric trials are essential before broader adoption can be recommended.
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