Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42318304›Full record

ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2026

Postflood Leptospirosis Outbreak Response Due to

Zacharoula Bogogiannidou, Ioanna Voulgaridi, Maria Tseroni, Georgios Dougas, Evangelia D Apostolidi, Evangelia Angelouli, Theologia Sideroglou, Katerina Maria Kontouli, Sotirios Vasileiadis, Christos Kontos and 22 more

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Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

32 authors.

Zacharoula BogogiannidouLaboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8908-6709
Ioanna VoulgaridiLaboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7352-0934
Maria TseroniNursing Department, National and Kapodιstrian, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Georgios DougasZoonoses Department, National Public Health Organization, Athens, Greece.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4908-6215
Evangelia D ApostolidiZoonoses Department, National Public Health Organization, Athens, Greece.
Evangelia AngelouliZoonoses Department, National Public Health Organization, Athens, Greece.
Theologia SideroglouDepartment of Foodborne/Waterborne Diseases and Food Safety, National Public Health Organization, Athens, Greece.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4141-4445
Katerina Maria KontouliLaboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
Sotirios VasileiadisLaboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5677-3751
Christos KontosLaboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9710-6184
Athanasios G LianosLaboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
Thalia PanagiotopoulouEmergency Department, General University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece.
Dimitrios BabalisEmergency Department, General Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece.
Dora KonstantoulaDepartment of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece.
Konstantinos KrapisDepartment of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9412-6610
George KarrasDepartment of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Karditsa, Karditsa, Greece.
Alexandra ManikaInfection Control Committee, General Hospital of Karditsa, Karditsa, Greece.
Chrisovalanti KoukouletsouInfection Control Committee, General Hospital of Karditsa, Karditsa, Greece.
Ilias KarametosEmergency Department, General Hospital of Volos, Volos, Greece.
Meropi ZigraInfection Control Committee, General Hospital of Volos, Volos, Greece.
George ΒatziogiorgosInfection Control Committee, General Hospital of Trikala, Trikala, Greece.
Sotiria DimouInfection Control Committee, General Hospital of Trikala, Trikala, Greece.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9781-2325
Nikolaos PapageorgiouLaboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
Dimitrios GeorgiouLaboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
Dimitrios ParaskevisScientific Council, National Public Health Organization, Athens, Greece.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6167-7152
Dimitrios HatzigeorgiouScientific Council, National Public Health Organization, Athens, Greece.
Stamatia KokkaliLaboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
Fani KalalaDepartment of Immunology and Histocompatibility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
Varvara A MouchtouriLaboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
Matthaios SpeletasDepartment of Immunology and Histocompatibility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1287-7734
Efthymia PetinakiDepartment of Microbiology, General University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece.
Christos HadjichristodoulouLaboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4769-8376

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: In September 2023, catastrophic flooding from storms Daniel and Elias struck Thessaly, Greece. We present findings from the postflood leptospirosis outbreak investigation and key lessons for future preparedness. Methods: Ad hoc active surveillance was set up to complement national notifications. We used the national case definition for leptospirosis probable and confirmed cases. Diagnostic protocols involved clinical manifestation, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), targeted sequencing (blood/urine,) and serology. Exposure history was collected via a structured questionnaire. We performed case-series analyses, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results: During the 3-month postflood period, 285 probable and 45 confirmed leptospirosis cases were identified. The postflood notification rate was 6.5/100 000 population. Conclusions: The 2023 Thessaly floods led to a marked rise in leptospirosis incidence, with

Indexed as

floodsGreeceleptospirosisoutbreak

Identifiers

PMID42318304
PMCPMC13275000

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.