Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42317974›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2026

Determinants of child restraint system selection and installation practices: implications for injury prevention and public health implementation.

Marta Kopańska, Damian Frej, Małgorzata Wasacz

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Marta KopańskaDepartment of Medical Communication and Professional Competency Development Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland.
Damian FrejDepartment of Automotive Engineering and Transport, Kielce University of Technology, Kielce, Poland.
Małgorzata WasaczDepartment of Medical Communication and Professional Competency Development Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Road traffic injuries remain a leading cause of death and serious harm among children, and a substantial proportion of this burden occurs among child passengers. Despite clear safety recommendations, incorrect installation and suboptimal child restraint system (CRS) selection remain widespread, representing a persistent public health implementation gap. Against this backdrop, the present study examined determinants of CRS selection decisions and self-reported installation and use practices, with a particular focus on how selection and retail-support experiences relate to intention to choose the same CRS again. A cross-sectional online survey (Google Forms) was conducted from February to December 2024, yielding 3,750 questionnaires, of which 1,150 complete cases were included in analysis. Descriptive statistics were supplemented with chi-square tests (Cramér's V) and multivariable logistic regression (odds ratios, 95% CI) for top-box intention to choose the same CRS again ("yes/probably yes"). Price (58.1%), seat weight (48.2%), and installation method (46.1%) were the most frequently reported selection determinants, while safety tests (28.3%) and comfort (26.4%) were less commonly cited. ISOFIX solutions predominated (74.6%), with installation most often behind the driver (45.0%) and a notable share on the front seat (25.4%). Intention to choose the same CRS again was low (27.4% top-box; 62.3% negative). Seller installation demonstration was associated with intention to choose the same CRS again (χ

Indexed as

Accidents, TrafficChild Restraint SystemsWounds and InjuriesAdolescentAdultChildChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansInfantMaleSurveys and Questionnairescaregiver behaviorchild comfortchild restraint systems (CRS)child safety in the vehicleCRS installationISOFIXselection determinants

Identifiers

PMID42317974
PMCPMC13272458

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.