Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42317336›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2026

Overcoming chemoresistance in esophageal cancer with synergistic strategies.

Chunxiao Gao, Ting Zhang, Guangyuan Li, Weishan Zhang, Honglin Chen, Diefei Li, Jixuan Xu, Mengxue Li, Ruihong Wang, Yamin Xing and 10 more

Erratum issuedAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Chunxiao GaoZhengzhou Key Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Precision Diagnosis & Treatment in Oncology, Oncology Department, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Ting ZhangZhengzhou Key Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Precision Diagnosis & Treatment in Oncology, Oncology Department, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Guangyuan LiZhengzhou Key Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Precision Diagnosis & Treatment in Oncology, Oncology Department, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Weishan ZhangDepartment of Gastrointestinal & Thyroid Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Honglin ChenZhengzhou Key Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Precision Diagnosis & Treatment in Oncology, Oncology Department, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Diefei LiDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Jixuan XuDepartment of Gastrointestinal & Thyroid Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Mengxue LiMarshall B. J. Medical Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Ruihong WangZhengzhou Key Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Precision Diagnosis & Treatment in Oncology, Oncology Department, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Yamin XingMarshall B. J. Medical Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Jian ZhanZhengzhou Key Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Precision Diagnosis & Treatment in Oncology, Oncology Department, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Zhentai RenZhengzhou Key Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Precision Diagnosis & Treatment in Oncology, Oncology Department, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Xia XueMarshall B. J. Medical Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Wulong LiangHenan International Joint Laboratory of Glioma Metabolism and Microenvironment Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Xiangdong SunMarshall B. J. Medical Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Xiaojuan ZhangScientific Research and Discipline Management Office, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Xinfeng LiangScientific Research and Discipline Management Office, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Hongqiao ZhanZhengzhou Key Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Precision Diagnosis & Treatment in Oncology, Oncology Department, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Zisen ZhangZhengzhou Key Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Precision Diagnosis & Treatment in Oncology, Oncology Department, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Xiufeng Chu *Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Precision Diagnosis & Treatment in Oncology, Oncology Department, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Esophageal cancer is a globally prevalent malignancy with poor clinical outcomes. Chemotherapy remains an effective strategy for esophageal cancer. However, its effectiveness is substantially limited by chemoresistance, which arises from both tumor cell adaptation and changes in the surrounding microenvironment. In light of these challenges, combination strategies show great promise for overcoming chemoresistance. Notably, the integration of chemotherapy with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade has demonstrated substantial survival benefits across multiple phase III clinical trials. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms underlying chemotherapy resistance in esophageal cancer. More importantly, we summarize the current advances in chemotherapy-based combination therapies, as well as nanoparticle-based delivery systems and antibody-drug conjugates. These advances reinforce the potential for developing more effective therapeutic strategies.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsDrug Resistance, NeoplasmEsophageal NeoplasmsAnimalsHumansImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsTumor MicroenvironmentImmune Checkpoint Inhibitorschemoresistanceesophageal cancerimmunotherapytargeted therapytumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID42317336
PMCPMC13272350

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.