ArticleAmerican journal of epidemiology2026
Attending an Historically Black College or University and all-cause mortality in US Black adults.
Article in American journal of epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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10 authors.
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Abstract
Recent studies suggest that attending a Historically Black College or University (HBCU) versus attending a Predominantly White Institution (PWI) may improve later-life health outcomes for Black adults. No studies have evaluated differences in all-cause mortality. The REGARDS prospective study recruited US adults aged 45 and older during 2003-2007. Black college-goers who attended high school in a state with an HBCU (n = 1960) were classified as ever attending an HBCU or only a PWI (reference). Cox proportional hazards models estimated adjusted mortality ratios (2012-2023) and effect modification by being college-aged before 1955 (during legal racial segregation), 1955-1964 (before the Civil Rights Act), or after 1964. Mean age was 62 years (SD ± 8.2) and 35% attended an HBCU. HBCU versus PWI attendees had negligibly lower all-cause mortality and estimates were imprecise (HR 0.99; CI 0.88, 1.12). Although confidence intervals were wide, those college-aged during 1955-1964 had lower mortality (HR 0.87; CI 0.71, 1.06) but elevated mortality for those college-aged before 1955 (HR 1.03; CI 0.85, 1.24) and after 1964 (HR 1.46; CI 0.91, 2.33). Inconsistent with prior work, we found little evidence that HBCU attendance was associated with lower mortality yet could not rule out substantial protective or harmful effect modification by college-aged years.
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