ArticleJournal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS2026
Neuropsychological criteria for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) best identify neuroimaging-based risk profiles: A Department of Defense/Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative study.
Article in Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesFew studies have examined how differing diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) relate to neuroimaging markers of cerebrovascular disease and neurodegeneration in Veterans. We compared three MCI diagnostic schemes on their associations with white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden, hippocampal volume, and cortical thickness in nondemented Vietnam-era Veterans.
methods228 Veterans (mean age = 69.65) were classified using: (1) Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) criteria (subjective memory concerns, impaired Logical Memory, global Clinical Dementia Rating = 0.5); (2) neuropsychological criteria (>1 standard deviation [SD] below norms on two tests within a domain or one test across three domains); and (3) typical criteria (subjective memory concerns and >1.5 SD below norms on one test). Regression models predicting WMH burden adjusted for age and intracranial volume and included MCI status and hippocampal volume; ADNI-based models also included posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity.
resultsNeuropsychological criteria were associated with greater WMH burden (
conclusionsNeuropsychological criteria more sensitively identified Veterans with greater WMH burden and demonstrated a small, hippocampal volume-dependent effect in amnestic MCI. These findings support the clinical utility of multi-test neuropsychological approaches for detecting complex brain changes in high-comorbidity populations, with implications for risk stratification and targeted intervention in aging Veterans.
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