ArticleBMC psychology2026
Maternal sensitivity and children's internalizing problems: the role of children's gender and social skills.
Article in BMC psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThe development of internalizing problems in early childhood can have long-lasting negative impacts on social adjustment. Parental sensitivity is known to play a critical role in shaping children's social skills and psychological well-being. However, the degree of this influence can vary based on the child's gender, guided by the principles of gender role theory.
objectiveThis study aims to explore the mediating role of children's social skills and the moderating role of gender in the relationship between maternal sensitivity and internalizing problems in Chinese preschool children.
methodsA longitudinal design was used to investigate with 212 mother-child dyads in Shanghai, China. At Time 1 (T1, M
resultsMaternal sensitivity at T1 significantly predicted lower internalizing problems at T2. Children's social skills partially mediated the relationship between sensitivity and internalizing problems. Furthermore, child gender moderated the relationship between maternal sensitivity and social skills, with a stronger positive effect observed in girls.
conclusionThe findings highlight the protective role of maternal sensitivity against internalizing problems through enhanced social skills, particularly for girls. This underscores the importance of considering child gender in parenting interventions and contributes to a deeper understanding of the cultural context in early childhood development.
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