ArticleBreast cancer research : BCR2026
Changes in active DNA demethylation pathway components during neoadjuvant chemotherapy and their prognostic significance in breast cancer.
Article in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundNeoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for early breast cancer is a systemic treatment administered before surgery to achieve regression of the primary lesion, perform breast-conserving surgery, if possible, and ensure long-term recurrence-free survival. The main aim of this study was to investigate the impact of NACT on the active DNA demethylation process and the relationship between the compounds involved in this path and disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) during a six-year follow-up.
methodsThis study included 71 patients with breast cancer who were eligible for NACT consisting of 4 cycles of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide regimens at doses of 60 mg/m
resultsDuring chemotherapy, increases in the levels of 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-mdC), 5-formyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-fdC), and 5-carboxyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-cadC) and decreases in the expression of genes encoding TET (ten-eleven translocation) proteins, TDG (thymine DNA glycosylase), and AID (activation-induced cytidine deaminase) were observed in peripheral blood leukocytes. The Kaplan‒Meier curves revealed that patients with a lower level of 5-mdC in leukocyte DNA and urine before NACT, higher levels of 5-cadC, and lower TDG expression in tumor cells after treatment had a more favorable prognosis. Furthermore, significant correlations were found between the levels of 5-fdC in the DNA of leukocytes, 5-cadC in DNA tumor cells, the expression of TET2, and decreased Ki-67 after NACT.
conclusionsOur results indicate that NACT can alter active DNA demethylation markers. Breast cancer patients with prolonged DFS had lower leukocyte 5-mdC and higher urinary 5-mdC levels before chemotherapy. Thus, assessing 5-mdC in these minimally invasive biospecimens may provide prognostic information for breast cancer patients undergoing NACT.
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