ArticleOrphanet journal of rare diseases2026
The relationship between appetite hormones and body mass index in children with intoxication type metabolic diseases.
Article in Orphanet journal of rare diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe aim of this study is to comparatively examine the effects of appetite loss and insufficient energy intake, which trigger poor metabolic control parameters, on appetite hormones and body mass index in children with intoxication-type metabolic diseases, including Phenylketonuria, Organic Acidemia, Maple Syrup Urine Disease, and Urea Cycle Disorder, in comparison with a healthy control group.
methodsThe study sample consisted of 40 healthy children and 43 children with intoxication-type metabolic diseases, aged between 1 and 18 years. The mean age of the participants was 7.5 ± 4.60 years. The study was conducted with a total of 83 children, including 39 girls (47.0%) and 44 boys (53.0%).
resultsWhen the body mass index z-score values of all participants were examined, it was found that 2.6% had a body mass index below - 2 SD, 71.1% were within the range of (-2 SD to + 1 SD), and 25.3% were above + 1 SD. Peptide YY and adiponectin hormone levels were found to be significantly higher in the patient group compared to the control group (p < 0,05). However, no significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of ghrelin, insulin, and leptin hormone levels (p > 0,05). It was found that ghrelin hormone levels in the patient group significantly varied according to body mass index z-score distribution (p < 0,05). Children in the ≤-2 SD group had significantly higher ghrelin hormone levels compared to those in the (-2 SD to + 1 SD) and > + 1 SD groups (p < 0,05).
conclusionsSignificant alterations occur in the levels and signaling of appetite hormones in amino acid metabolism disorders. These changes result from factors such as low-protein diets, toxic metabolite accumulation, and organ dysfunction. Appetite hormone dysfunction can negatively affect patients' energy intake and overall metabolic balance, leading to a decline in quality of life and adherence to treatment. Therefore, regular monitoring of appetite hormones and individualized dietary interventions should be considered essential strategies in the long-term nutritional management of these patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.