ArticleBMC surgery2026
Surgical management and immunohistochemical diagnosis of giant retroperitoneal tumors with spindle cell histology: a five-case case series.
Article in BMC surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundGiant retroperitoneal tumors are rare and pose significant surgical challenges due to delayed presentation, massive size, and complex anatomical relationships. Although these tumors encompass biologically heterogeneous entities, many share common surgical features that complicate operative management, particularly in cases with predominant spindle cell histology.
methodsWe retrospectively reviewed five cases of giant retroperitoneal tumors with spindle cell histology managed surgically at our institution. Data collected included clinical presentation, preoperative imaging, operative strategy, extent of resection, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, and short-term postoperative outcomes.
resultsThe cohort included five patients with retroperitoneal tumors ranging from 10 to 40 cm in maximum dimension. Histopathological diagnoses comprised gastrointestinal stromal tumor, desmoid-type fibromatosis, and liposarcoma subtypes. All patients underwent open surgical resection, with multivisceral dissection performed when required to achieve complete macroscopic tumor removal. No major perioperative complications occurred. All patients experienced significant symptomatic improvement following surgery. During a median follow-up of six months, no early local recurrence was detected.
conclusionSurgical resection of giant retroperitoneal tumors is feasible and can be performed safely with acceptable short-term outcomes when guided by careful preoperative planning and individualized operative strategy. Given the heterogeneity of tumor subtypes and limited follow-up, this case series should be interpreted as a demonstration of surgical feasibility and perioperative safety rather than oncologic efficacy. Tumor size and anatomical complexity remain the primary determinants of surgical approach in extreme retroperitoneal disease.
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