Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42315815›Full record

ArticleClinical oral investigations2026

Translation and validation of the Hebrew version of the xerostomia inventory.

Nitzan Aizenbud, Doron J Aframian, Gabriel Nussbaum, Galit Almoznino

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Nitzan AizenbudIn fulfillment of MSc. Thesis, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Doron J AframianSjögren's disease Center, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
Gabriel NussbaumThe Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Galit AlmozninoFaculty of Dental Medicine, Big Biomedical Data Research Laboratory, Dean's Office, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel. galit@almoznino.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesXerostomia significantly affects oral health and quality of life, yet no validated Hebrew assessment exists. This study aimed to translate the Xerostomia Inventory (XI) into Hebrew (HXI) and evaluate its validity and reliability.

methodsThe XI was translated into Hebrew using cross-cultural adaptation guidelines. The HXI was examined for internal consistency, using Cronbach's alpha, as well as for construct validity (convergent and discriminant validity).

resultsThe HXI was completed by 102 xerostomia patients, 89.2% women, and the mean age was 63.5 ± 13.8 years with age range of 20-90 years. The mean HXI score was 39.9 ± 1.2, with score range 12-55. The HXI exhibited a high level of reliability with Cronbach's α = 0.975. The convergent validity of the HXI, indicated by Spearman's correlation between the HXI and the unstimulated salivary flow (USF) whole volume, demonstrated a strong, negative, and statistically significant correlation (r = -0.862). Strong negative correlations were also found between the total HXI score and other sialometry variables (ranging from r=-0.696 to r=-0.879). The absence of significant associations between the HXI scores and unrelated sociodemographic variables supports the discriminant validity of the HXI. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a robust unidimensional structure for the Hebrew 11-item HXI, with a single factor accounting for 80.3% of the total variance and all item loadings exceeding 0.82.

conclusionsThe HXI is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing xerostomia in Hebrew-speaking populations, demonstrating psychometric robustness consistent with international versions. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The HXI provides a valid and reliable tool for assessing patient-reported oral dryness, supporting diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation of interventions in Hebrew-speaking populations.

Indexed as

PsychometricsSurveys and QuestionnairesSymptom AssessmentXerostomiaAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFactor Analysis, StatisticalFemaleHumansIsraelMaleOral HealthQuality of LifeReproducibility of ResultsSalivaTranslationsDry mouthSalivary flowSalivary gland dysfunctionSalivary glandsXerostomia

Identifiers

PMID42315815
PMCPMC13279684

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