Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42315768›Full record

ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2026

Vicarious Racial Discrimination and Sleep Health Among Latina/o/x/Hispanic First-Year College Students: Distinctions From Direct Racial and Ethnic Discrimination and Moderation by Ethnic-Racial Identity.

G Alice Woolverton, Youchuan Zhang, Xiaoping Yu, Nidia Ruedas-Gracia, Cindy H Liu, David H Chae, Heining Cham, Mona El-Sheikh, Tiffany Yip

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Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

G Alice WoolvertonDepartment of Pediatrics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. gwoolverton@mgb.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9961-4659
Youchuan ZhangDepartment of Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA.
Xiaoping YuDepartment of Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA.
Nidia Ruedas-GraciaDepartment of Educational Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
Cindy H LiuDepartment of Pediatrics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
David H ChaeDepartment of Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Heining ChamDepartment of Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA.
Mona El-SheikhDepartment of Human Development and Family Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
Tiffany YipDepartment of Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA.

Funding

Social-Environmental Predictors of Sleep Disparities During the Transition toCollegeR01MD015715 · NIMHD · FORDHAM UNIVERSITY · PI YIP, TIFFANY · 2021 to 2025
$3.2M
NIMHD NIH HHS R01MD015715
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeLatina/o/x/Hispanic individuals, particularly college students, remain underrepresented in research on vicarious (i.e., witnessed, second-hand) racial discrimination (VRD) and sleep, despite elevated VRD and high rates of sleep health disparities. This study examined associations between VRD and self-reported sleep outcomes while controlling for the role of direct racial and ethnic discrimination (DRED) and the potential moderating influence of ethnic-racial identity (ERI).

methodsData came from the first wave of an ongoing study that examines undergraduate sleep health at a university in the northeastern U.S. The analytic sample included first-year Latina/o/x/Hispanic students (N = 145). Measures included sociodemographics, in-racial group VRD frequency, DRED frequency, sleep disturbances, daytime dysfunction, average nightly sleep duration, and ERI exploration and commitment.

resultsVRD frequency was associated with significantly more sleep disturbances, higher daytime dysfunction, and lower odds of adequate sleep duration (≥ 7 h per night). After adjusting for DRED, associations with sleep disturbances remained significant, and associations with sleep duration were marginal; only DRED predicted daytime dysfunction. ERI commitment was negatively associated with daytime dysfunction. ERI exploration amplified the link between VRD and sleep disturbances and VRD and daytime dysfunction, with stronger associations observed among students reporting higher exploration.

conclusionsFindings highlight VRD as a distinct correlate to sleep health disparities among Latina/o/x/Hispanic college students. VRD may trigger collective threat and vigilance, leading to rumination that elevates sleep disturbances and shortens duration. In contrast, DRED may carry more immediate cognitive and emotional costs that impair daytime functioning. ERI exploration may heighten racial salience, intensifying cognitive and emotional processing linked to VRD.

Indexed as

College student healthDirect racial and ethnic discriminationHealth disparitiesSleep healthVicarious racial discrimination

Identifiers

PMID42315768

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