In one paragraphArticle in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
2 · The registryThe trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
3 · Its place in the literatureWho cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
4 · The recordCorrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
5 · Who and what moneyAuthors and funding
9 authors.
Patricia K RiggsDivision of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2870-8468 Gordon Honerkamp-SmithDivision of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
Milenka MenesesDivision of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
Gemma CaballeroDivision of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
Antoine ChaillonDivision of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9490-3857 Donald FranklinDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
Ronald J EllisDepartment of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4931-752X Scott L LetendreDivision of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3490-4975 Sara GianellaDivision of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9927-0849 Funding
UC San Diego Clinical and Translational Research InstituteUL1TR001442 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI FIRESTEIN, GARY S, HOGARTH, MICHAEL · 2015 to 2024
$88.3MVirologyP30AI036214 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SUSAN JANET LITTLE · 1994 to 2026
$78.4MSTRUCTURAL NEUROIMAGING COREP30MH062512 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Jessica Lynette Montoya · 2001 to 2026
$50.4MUC San Diego Clinical and Translational Research InstituteKL2TR001444 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI DEPP, COLIN A. · 2015 to 2024
$15.4MNEUROAIDS TISSUE NETWORKR24MH059745 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI GRANT, IGOR · 1998 to 2007
$13.2MCHARTER Plus: A resource for cutting-edge research on neurological function and mental health in people with HIV and substance use disorders across the lifespanR24MH129166 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI RONALD J. ELLIS, Scott L Letendre · 2022 to 2026
$9.9MHOPE Training GrantT32AI007384 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Sara Gianella Weibel, Scott L Letendre · 1990 to 2026
$9.7MAge related determinants of HAND: A 12 year follow-up of CHARTER participantsR01MH107345 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI HEATON, ROBERT KERNACHAN, LETENDRE, SCOTT L · 2015 to 2021
$7.9MBiopsychosocial Phenotypes and Potential Mechanisms in CHARTERR01MH125720 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ELLIS, RONALD J., LETENDRE, SCOTT L · 2021 to 2025
$3.7MCNS HIV Anti-Retroviral Therapy Effects ResearchIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiJohns Hopkins UniversityNCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR001444NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001442NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI036214NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007384NIH HHS R01 MH107345NIMH NIH HHS L30 MH134428NIMH NIH HHS P30 MH062512NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH107345NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH125720NIMH NIH HHS R24 MH059745NIMH NIH HHS R24 MH129166University of CaliforniaUniversity of TexasUniversity of WashingtonWashington University
6 · The paper itselfAbstract
backgroundPeople with HIV (PWH) are at increased risk for non-AIDS comorbidities despite suppressive ART. Chronic co-infections with CMV and EBV may contribute to systemic immune activation and comorbidities, but the relative contribution of viral activity vs host immune response is unclear.
methodsWe evaluated associations between viral measures and the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) Index 2.0, a validated 5-year mortality risk score for PWH. Plasma CMV and EBV IgG were quantified by ELISA, and CMV, EBV, and HIV cell-associated DNA (CA-DNA) were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by droplet digital PCR. Total globulin levels were abstracted from clinical panels as a marker of generalized immune activation. Regression models were adjusted for sex, race, ethnicity, HIV duration, and history of AIDS.
resultsAmong 485 ART-suppressed PWH (mean age 54 years; 17% women; 59% White), 96.5% were CMV seropositive, 100% EBV seropositive, CMV CA-DNA was detected in 45.9%, EBV in 95.4%, and HIV in 99.0%. Higher VACS scores were associated with higher CMV IgG, EBV IgG, EBV CA-DNA, HIV CA-DNA, and total globulin in adjusted models. In multivariable models, CMV IgG, EBV CA-DNA, and total globulins remained independently associated with VACS Index 2.0. HIV CA-DNA and sex were retained in the best-fit model with trend-level significance.
conclusionsThese findings suggest distinct mechanisms by which CMV, EBV, and HIV may contribute to morbidity in PWH on ART: CMV through immune activation, and EBV and HIV through viral persistence. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify causal pathways and guide interventions.
Indexed as
Antibodies, ViralCytomegalovirusCytomegalovirus InfectionsDNA, ViralEpstein-Barr Virus InfectionsHerpesvirus 4, HumanHIV InfectionsImmunoglobulin GAgedCohort StudiesCoinfectionFemaleHumansLeukocytes, MononuclearMaleMiddle AgedAntibodies, ViralDNA, ViralImmunoglobulin GCytomegalovirus (CMV)Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)HIVlatent herpesvirusesVeterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) Mortality Risk Index
Identifiers
PMID42315140
PMCPMC13600404
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