Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42314609›Full record

ArticleMolecular genetics and metabolism2026

Neuroradiological patterns and prognostic implications in type I Alexander disease.

Ylenia Vaia, Filippo Arrigoni, Liat Ben Sira, Geneviève Bernard, Enrico Bertini, Odile Boespflug-Tanguy, Fabio Bruschi, Cristina Cereda, Florian Eichler, Alessandra Erbetta and 17 more

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Article in Molecular genetics and metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors.

Ylenia VaiaC.O.A.L.A. (Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Leukodystrophies), Unit of Pediatric Neurology, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy; Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: Ylenia.vaia@unimi.it.
Filippo ArrigoniUnit of Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Liat Ben SiraPediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Geneviève BernardDepartments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Pediatrics, and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Specialized Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada.
Enrico BertiniResearch Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Odile Boespflug-TanguyAP-HP, Centre de reference maladies rares « LEUKOFRANCE », Neurologie Pédiatrique, Université Paris-Cité, INSERM-UMR1141, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France.
Fabio BruschiC.O.A.L.A. (Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Leukodystrophies), Unit of Pediatric Neurology, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy; Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Cristina CeredaCenter of Functional Genomics and Rare Diseases, Dept. of Pediatrics Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy; Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Florian EichlerHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Alessandra ErbettaNeuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
Simona FerraroCenter of Functional Genomics and Rare Diseases, Dept. of Pediatrics Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy; Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Morteza HeidariPediatric Neurology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Medical Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Pediatric Neurology Division, Myelin Disorders Clinic, Children's Medical Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Luca LalliUnit of Translational Immunology, IRCCS Foundation National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy.
Gabrielle LambertDepartments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Pediatrics, and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Stephanie LibzonPediatric Neurology Institute, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faulty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Daniela LongoNeuroradiology Unit, Department of Imaging, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Health Care, Rome, Italy.
Isabella MoroniDepartment of Pediatric Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
Amanda NagyHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Francesco NicitaResearch Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy; Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Florence RenaldoDepartment of Pediatric Neurology, Reference Center for Rare Neurogenetic Diseases, Armand-Trousseau Hospital, APHP, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.
Diana RodriguezDepartment of Pediatric Neurology, Reference Center for Rare Neurogenetic Diseases, Armand-Trousseau Hospital, APHP, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.
Golazin Shahbodagh KhanPediatric Neurology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Medical Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Ali Reza TavasoliPediatric Neurology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Medical Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Ellen WinterDepartment of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Ayelet ZeremPediatric Neurology Institute, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faulty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Cecilia ParazziniUnit of Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Davide TondutiC.O.A.L.A. (Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Leukodystrophies), Unit of Pediatric Neurology, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy; Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: Davide.tonduti@asst-fbf-sacco.it.

Funding

Validation of the GMFC-MLDU54NS115052 · NINDS · CHILDREN'S HOSP OF PHILADELPHIA · PI Laura Ann Adang, FLORIAN S EICHLER · 2019 to 2026
$14.3M
NINDS NIH HHS U54 NS115052
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionType I Alexander Disease (AxD) is a rare leukodystrophy that can be subclassified into subtypes (Ia, Ib, Ic, and Id), in order of decreasing severity. To date, no study has correlated MRI findings with AxD type I clinical evolution. This study aims to identify MRI features that may predict disease progression.

methodsPatients with genetically confirmed type I AxD were recruited from multiple Leukodystrophy Centers worldwide. Clinical data were collected via RedCap, and patients were retrospectively classified by disease subtype. Leukodystrophy experts analyzed the first available MRI scans using an adapted AxD MRI scoring protocol, and imaging findings were correlated with disease subtypes.

results47 subjects with type I AxD were enrolled. Subtype distribution included 3 Ia, 12 Ib, 8 Ic, 10 Id, 10 Ic/Id, and 4 undetermined. Risk of belonging to type Ib compared to other subtypes was significantly increased in case of involvement of parietal subcortical WM (OR = 16.1, p = 0.003), occipital deep WM (p = 0.008), temporal deep (p = 0.018), and periventricular WM (p = 0.013), body of corpus callosum (p = 0.018), genu of corpus callosum (p = 0.047) and hilar region of cerebellum (p = 0.008). Involvement of occipital periventricular WM was associated to a higher risk of being type Ic compared to type Id (p = 0.010).

conclusionsSome distinct MRI patterns on initial MRI scans may predict disease outcomes in type I AxD. These findings may help clinicians in early prognostic stratification, with key brain regions needing careful evaluation. Further studies are required to validate these findings and improve prognostic accuracy in type I AxD.

Indexed as

Alexander DiseaseBrainMagnetic Resonance ImagingAdolescentAdultChildChild, PreschoolDisease ProgressionFemaleHumansMalePrognosisRetrospective StudiesYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID42314609
PMCPMC13660844

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