Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42312761›Full record

ArticleJACC. Advances2026

Maternal Mortality and Cardio-Kidney-Metabolic Risk Factors Across High-Income Countries.

Emily Littman, Yaa Adoma Kwapong, Amelia S Wallace, Theresa Boyer, Demilade Adedinsewo, Zainab Mahmoud, Candice K Silversides, Elizabeth Selvin, Seth S Martin, Allison G Hays and 2 more

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Article in JACC. Advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Emily LittmanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University College of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Yaa Adoma KwapongDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Amelia S WallaceDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Theresa BoyerDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Demilade AdedinsewoDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
Zainab MahmoudDepartment of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Candice K SilversidesDivision of Cardiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Elizabeth SelvinDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Seth S MartinDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Allison G HaysDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Erin D MichosDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Anum S MinhasDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Electronic address: aminhas2@jhmi.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women worldwide and a primary contributor to maternal mortality in the United States.

objectivesWe compared prevalence and trends in CVD, cardio-kidney-metabolic (CKM) risk factors, and maternal mortality among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) in the United States, relative to other high-income countries.

methodsUsing Global Burden of Disease 2023 data, we evaluated CVD prevalence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), CKM risk factors, maternal mortality rates, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy-associated mortality in the United States compared with other high-income countries from 2003 to 2023.

resultsFrom 2003 to 2023, the United States saw a decline in CVD prevalence (3.7% to 3.1%) and DALY rates (by 20%) among women of reproductive age. However, CVD burden remained higher than in other high-income countries. DALY rates attributable to CKM risk factors were 4-fold higher for body mass index >21 kg/m

conclusionsThe U.S. women of reproductive age face a disproportionate burden of CVD, CKM factors, and maternal mortality rates compared with other high-income countries. Integrating early CVD and CKM screening and management into U.S. health care should be an urgent national priority.

Indexed as

cardiovascular diseasescardiovascular-kidney-metabolic healthglobal burden of diseasehigh-income countriesmaternal mortalitywomen’s health

Identifiers

PMID42312761
PMCPMC13309328

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