Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42311631›Full record

ArticleJournal of pharmaceutical policy and practice2026

A mixed-methods evaluation of the quantitative and perceived impact of Brexit on UK oncology clinical trial initiation between 2011 and 2020.

Meena Arora, Sean Elliott, Adrian Kilcoyne, John Bolodeoku, Assem El Baghdady

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Meena AroraCentre for Pharmaceutical Medicine Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7608-457X
Sean ElliottFortrea Clinical Research Ltd, Leeds, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3283-6087
Adrian KilcoyneCellectis Inc., New York, NY, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7882-8927
John BolodeokuCentre for Pharmaceutical Medicine Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4261-9285
Assem El BaghdadyCentre for Pharmaceutical Medicine Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4673-5034

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: This study explored the perceived impact of Brexit on oncology clinical trial initiation in the UK, with comparative analysis against Spain and France, and evaluated potential impact on the UK's leadership position in clinical research. A mixed-methods approach was employed comprising: (1) analysis of oncology clinical trial registrations (2011-2020) using ClinicalTrials.gov for the UK, Spain, and France; (2) a stakeholder survey on Brexit-related impacts ( Discussion and Analysis: Clinical trial volume in the UK declined from 2017, returning to 2011 levels; a trend not mirrored in Spain and only transiently observed in France. From survey results ( Conclusion: The decline in UK clinical trial volume to pre-2011 levels poses a risk to patient access and the UK's status as a global leader in drug development. Sustained collaboration with the EU is viewed as vital for mitigating these effects and maintaining research competitiveness.

Indexed as

Brexitclinical trialsclinical trial volumeHorizononcology

Identifiers

PMID42311631
PMCPMC13270869

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.