ReviewClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2026
The "Three-Tier Regulatory Network" of Orthokeratology in Myopia Control: Evidence Weight of Underlying Mechanisms, Controversies, and New Perspectives for Clinical Translation--A Review.
Review in Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Orthokeratology (Ortho-K) is an important optical intervention for myopia control in adolescents. Its proposed mechanism has evolved from the traditional "peripheral defocus" hypothesis to a complex network of multi-pathway collaborative regulation. By analyzing the latest literature from 2023 to 2025, this review systematically outlines the core mechanisms of Ortho-K in slowing myopia, and innovatively proposes a "Initial driver - Intermediate signal integration - Terminal effect" three-tier regulatory network model based on evidence weight. This model covers: 1) the initial driver tier (the highest evidence weight, including direct lens stimulation on the cornea and peripheral retinal myopic defocus, the core trigger of the regulatory cascade); 2) the intermediate signal integration tier (corneal nerve reflex, retinal-choroidal structural and hemodynamic changes, responsible for signal conversion and amplification); 3) the terminal effect tier (scleral remodeling, the final common pathway of myopia inhibition). The review emphasizes the interaction and prioritization between optical defocus, corneal biomechanics, neurovascular regulation, and molecular signaling pathways, while also assessing the evidence levels of each pathway. Additionally, it addresses key controversies in the current field (such as individual response differences) and explores future research directions in combination with cutting-edge technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) personalized design and single-cell sequencing. Finally, based on mechanistic studies, it provides feasible translational recommendations for optimizing clinical practice and personalized treatment strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.