ReviewRegenerative biomaterials2026
A review on thermoresponsive PNIPAM hydrogels for regenerative medicine: from mechanical design to tissue adhesion.
Review in Regenerative biomaterials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Advances in stimuli-responsive hydrogels for liver disease therapy: mechanisms, applications, and translational perspectives.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) hydrogels are potential wound dressings due to their lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of 32°C, close to physiological temperature, enabling injectable or spreadable formulations that quickly form a gel on irregular wounds while withstanding tissue motion. These systems aim to balance skin-like mechanical integrity, strong dry and wet adhesion and deliver stability after placement. This review summarizes the impact of the LCST driven phase transition on water content, pore structure, stiffness and interfacial hydration and how these effects regulate adhesion strength and failure mode. It compares major mechanical reinforcement strategies in PNIPAM-based dressings including hybrid nanocomposites, double network architectures, dynamic or sacrificial crosslinking strategies that enhance toughness, stretchability and recovery. It also describes multifunctional systems incorporating antibacterial activity, hemostasis, sensing, photothermal response or controlled drug release with emphasis on their effect on mechanics and adhesion. Since adhesion in soft hydrogels is strongly correlated with viscoelastic behavior, the review identifies rheological measures (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.