Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42310882›Full record

ArticleJournal of oral rehabilitation2026

Sex-Related Differences in Maximum Bite Force, Occlusal Contact Area and Bite Pressure in Healthy Young Asian Adults.

Lili Zhang, Ziyi Yang, Xiaofeng Qin, Lili Luo, Nico H J Creugers, Chi Wan Lim, Hao Li, Na Yu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of oral rehabilitation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Lili ZhangDepartment of Prosthodontics, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0030-6637
Ziyi YangDepartment of Prosthodontics, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
Xiaofeng QinDepartment of Prosthodontics, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3670-6218
Lili LuoDepartment of Prosthodontics, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
Nico H J CreugersDepartment of Oral Function and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dental Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Chi Wan LimInstitute of High Performance Computing, A*Star, Singapore, Singapore.
Hao LiDepartment of Prosthodontics, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4633-8256
Na YuNational Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore and Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore Health Services, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1178-0965

Funding

Guangxi Key Technologies R&D Program 2025FNFN96363National Medical Research Council - Clinician Scientist Individual Research Grant NMRC-CIRG 25Jan-0065National Natural Science Foundation of China 82060195
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMaximum bite force (MBF), occlusal contact area (OCA) and bite pressure (BP) are important indicators of occlusal function; however, protocol-specific data describing their regional and single-tooth distribution in healthy young Asian adults remain limited.

objectiveTo describe the distribution of MBF, OCA and BP in healthy young adults; to examine sex-related differences in these parameters; and to analyse the association between MBF and OCA.

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with 101 healthy young adults, including 51 males (mean age: 25.71 ± 3.02 years) and 50 females (mean age: 24.49 ± 2.68 years). Maximum, regional, and single-tooth bite force, together with the corresponding OCA, were measured using the Teetester bite force analyser. BP was subsequently calculated as force per unit occlusal contact area. Data distribution was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and sex-related differences were evaluated using appropriate parametric or non-parametric tests. The association between MBF and OCA was examined using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and a regression model was constructed to estimate MBF from OCA.

resultsNo significant sex differences were found in total MBF, OCA or BP values (p > 0.05). In both sexes, the highest values occurred at the first molars and the lowest at the lateral incisors. Regional analysis showed significantly greater posterior OCA and corresponding higher MBF in males (p < 0.05), whereas the anterior regions showed no significant sex differences (p > 0.05). A linear regression model was established: MBF (N) = -333.68 + 2.65 × OCA (mm

conclusionTotal MBF, OCA, and BP were comparable between sexes in this cohort of healthy young adults; however, regional and single-tooth distribution patterns showed subtle sex-related differences. OCA was strongly associated with MBF and may serve as an important biomechanical indicator of occlusal function under the present measurement protocol. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: These findings provide preliminary, protocol-specific normative estimates of MBF, OCA and BP distribution in healthy young Asian adults. They may offer comparative data for future studies on occlusal function, restorative treatment planning and intelligent occlusal analysis systems.

trial registrationClinical Trial Registration No.: ChiCTR2500097064.

Indexed as

Bite ForceDental OcclusionMasticationAdultAsian PeopleCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMalePressureSex FactorsYoung Adultbite pressuremaximum bite forceocclusal contact areasex effects

Identifiers

PMID42310882
PMCPMC13583404

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.