Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42310453›Full record

ArticleNature2026

Mapping the neuronal building blocks of human language with language models.

Jing Cai, Yoav Kfir, Mohsen Jamali, Hesen Huang, Young Joon Kim, Sydney S Cash, Ziv M Williams

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jing CaiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. caijing0113@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2970-0567
Yoav KfirDepartment of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Mohsen JamaliDepartment of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1750-7591
Hesen HuangDepartment of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Young Joon KimDepartment of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Sydney S CashDepartment of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. scash@mgh.harvard.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-6391
Ziv M WilliamsDepartment of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. zwilliams@mgh.harvard.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0017-0048

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Humans can convey new and highly diverse information through language. This ability to form and combine words into elaborate phrases and sentences enables us to express inexhaustible meanings and is fundamental to human cognition

Indexed as

Brain MappingLanguageModels, NeurologicalNatural Language ProcessingNeuronsAdultFemaleHumansMaleSemanticsSpeechTemporal LobeYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID42310453
PMCPMC13468166

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.