Trial reportNature communications2026
Tremelimumab with or without durvalumab in combination with paclitaxel in metastatic urothelial cancer: phase I/II ICRA trial.
Trial report in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03871036 (ICRA), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
ICRA (Improve Checkpoint-blockade Response in Advanced Urothelial Cancer), an Adaptive Clinical Study to Determine Efficacy of Combining Weekly Paclitaxel With Tremelimumab +/- Durvalumab (MEDI4736)
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Tremelimumab with or without durvalumab in combination with paclitaxel in metastatic urothelial cancer: phase I/II ICRA trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
New therapeutic strategies for patients with therapy-refractory metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) are still needed. In the phase I-II ICRA trial, a multicenter, open-label, phase Ib-II clinical trial (NCT03871036), we evaluated whether paclitaxel plus tremelimumab, with or without durvalumab, could induce a tumor response in mUC following platinum chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI). Patients were randomized between three arms: A (n = 20) paclitaxel plus T750mg; B (n = 12) paclitaxel plus T300mg plus D1500mg; C (n = 12) T750mg. The primary outcome, objective response rate, was met with 26% in arm A (88% CI = [14,36%]) versus 17% (88% CI = [3,42%]) in arm B and 8% (88% CI = [0.3,33%]) in arm C. Secondary outcomes included safety, duration of response and survival. Grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in (A) 45%, (B) 75%, and (C) 25% of patients. Murine experiments showed attenuated tumor outgrowth for paclitaxel plus anti-CTLA-4 compared to monotherapy with either agent. Transcriptomic analyses showed upregulation of inflammation signatures in on-treatment tumor tissue biopsies. This study demonstrated encouraging antitumor activity in therapy-refractory mUC treated with paclitaxel plus high-dose anti-CTLA-4 and suggests immune induction may still be possible after failure to anti-PD-(L)1 therapy.
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Registered trials
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