Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42310131›Full record

ArticleNature biomedical engineering2026

Clinically translatable ultrasound localization microscopy reveals cerebrovascular remodelling and prognosis in patients with traumatic brain injury.

Maoyao Li, Wenxuan Wang, Ziyang Su, Jingjing Wu, Yang Yang, Longchen Wang, Yi Wang, Mickaël Tanter, Zeng Zhang, Fang Yuan and 1 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Nature biomedical engineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. AI meets high-throughput screening of LNPs.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Maoyao Li *Shanghai Key Laboratory of Neuro-Ultrasound for Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5361-969X
Wenxuan Wang *School of Biomedical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
Ziyang SuSchool of Biomedical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
Jingjing WuShanghai Key Laboratory of Neuro-Ultrasound for Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yang YangDepartment of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6645-2454
Longchen WangShanghai Key Laboratory of Neuro-Ultrasound for Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7468-2268
Yi WangSchool of Biomedical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
Mickaël TanterInstitute Physics for Medicine, Inserm, ESPCI PSL, CNRS, Parisanté Campus, Paris, France. mickael.tanter@espci.fr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7739-8051
Zeng ZhangSchool of Biomedical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China. zhangzeng@shanghaitech.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2322-8572
Fang YuanDepartment of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. yf021025@126.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4060-7830
Yuanyi ZhengShanghai Key Laboratory of Neuro-Ultrasound for Diagnosis and Treatment, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. zhengyuanyi@sjtu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1328-0641

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cerebral microcirculation critically determines tissue viability and recovery in neurocritical disorders, yet bedside assessment remains unavailable, forcing intuition-based clinical decisions. Here, in this prospective observational study of 20 patients with traumatic brain injury following decompressive craniectomy, we show that ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) enables bedside cerebral microvascular assessment in neurocritical care. Conventional ULM requires ultrafast imaging, limiting clinical translation; here we overcome this by implementing an efficient multihypothesis, multiframe global-optimization algorithm suitable for a clinical system, achieving ~139 μm resolution (~1/4 wavelength). Longitudinal imaging on postoperative days 3 and 14 revealed severity-dependent remodelling: moderate injuries demonstrated superior structural recovery, whereas severe cases exhibited higher early vascular resistance and persistent flow deficits. Furthermore, composite ULM metrics correlated negatively with invasive intracranial pressure, and the microvascular perfusion efficiency coefficient robustly stratified 6-month outcomes. These results establish ULM as a clinically translatable bedside platform for microcirculation-guided neurocritical care.

Identifiers

PMID42310131

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.