Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42310129›Full record

ArticleNature biomedical engineering2026

Skin-interfaced microfluidic capsule and portable lab-on-a-disc platform for sweat-based monitoring of prenatal nutrient balance.

Soongwon Cho, Seongeun Son, Haohui Zhang, Kenneth E Madsen, Ziyu Chen, Yirui Xiong, Xiuyuan Li, Hongyuan Qi, Samet Şahin, Michael Brothers and 13 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Nature biomedical engineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Design with women in mind.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Soongwon Cho *Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Seongeun Son *Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2293-3576
Haohui Zhang *Departments of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8432-3672
Kenneth E Madsen *Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1336-567X
Ziyu Chen *Departments of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-9767-8411
Yirui XiongQuerrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Xiuyuan LiDepartments of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Hongyuan QiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-8038-7543
Samet ŞahinSchool of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0568-4283
Michael Brothers1-BlueHalo, Dayton, OH, USA.
Ravi F NuxollQuerrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-4148-0714
Shengwei XuDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-9677-3736
Hak-Young AhnQuerrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5441-1054
Ruihao SongQuerrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-5804-9624
Sarena WapnickDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Michelle LiDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Shaghayegh ShajariQuerrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2512-3571
Zhao-Dong XuChina-Pakistan Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Smart Disaster Prevention of Major Infrastructures, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0544-8253
Yeshou XuChina-Pakistan Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Smart Disaster Prevention of Major Infrastructures, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-1878
Xinyu GaoChina-Pakistan Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Smart Disaster Prevention of Major Infrastructures, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Roozbeh GhaffariQuerrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Yonggang HuangQuerrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. y-huang@northwestern.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0483-8359
John A RogersQuerrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. jrogers@northwestern.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2980-3961

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Effective management of prenatal nutrient concentrations, such as those associated with folate, is critical for the health of the prospective mother and child, but quantifying them currently requires frequent blood tests and specialized laboratories. Human sweat is a non-invasive alternative to blood that is well suited for point-of-care biosensing. Here we present a skin-interfaced microcapsule that enables collection and storage of pristine, microlitre volumes of sweat and supports an efficient interface to a portable lab-on-a-disc platform for folate quantification. This platform automates an entire enzyme-linked immunoassay sequence for measuring folate in sweat, including incubation, washing, mixing and detection, and facilitates wireless data transmission. A series of tests in human participants reveal a dose-response relationship between oral intake of folate supplements and sweat folate levels, with a strong correlation in levels between sweat and serum. In addition, daily tracking of sweat folate concentrations shows clear differences between control periods without supplementation and daily intake periods. This technology creates possibilities for the routine use of sweat for precise point-of-care assessment of prenatal nutrient bioavailability.

Identifiers

PMID42310129

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.