ReviewThe Journal of reproduction and development2026
Male germ cell technologies in large animals.
Review in The Journal of reproduction and development, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The manipulation of male germ cells presents significant opportunities for introducing heritable genetic changes in large animal species. As the foundation of lifelong spermatogenesis, spermatogonial stem cells (SSC) provide a unique target for stable genetic modifications that can be passed to future generations and produce genetically modified offspring. Recent progress in gene editing and transplantation techniques has improved the value of germ cells as a platform for transgenerational genetic inheritance in large animals. Yet, substantial challenges remain, including the lack of robust SSC culture systems, species-specific differences, and technical difficulties for gene editing and SSC transplantation. Additional concerns, such as editing efficiency, off-target mutations, immune rejection, and regulatory acceptance, may further limit translation. This review summarizes the current state of male germ cell technologies in large animals, focusing on tools, methodologies, and applications. We also highlight critical limitations and ethical considerations and outline future directions of the field. Overall, germ cell technologies are positioned as a promising approach at the interface of reproductive biology, biotechnology, and translational science.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.