Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42307694›Full record

ArticleSupportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer2026

Identifying caregiver-reported modifiable barriers to pediatric oncology clinical trial enrollment and participation.

Rebecca Whitmire, Daniel Wikstrom, Robin Lockridge, Elizabeth Holland, Angelina Van Sprang, Mary Anne Toledo-Tamula, Srivandana Akshintala, Rosandra N Kaplan, Pamela L Wolters, Staci Martin

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Rebecca WhitmireDivision of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Maryland Golisano Children's Hospital, 22 S Greene Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA. rwhitmire@som.umaryland.edu.
Daniel WikstromPediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Robin LockridgePediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Elizabeth HollandPediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Angelina Van SprangPediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Mary Anne Toledo-TamulaPediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Srivandana AkshintalaPediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Rosandra N KaplanPediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Pamela L WoltersPediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Staci MartinPediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeClinical trial (ClTr) participation is critical to high-quality pediatric oncology care, but significant sociodemographic disparities in trial enrollment exist. Identifying modifiable barriers to participation such as household material hardship (HMH) and limited health literacy (HL) is essential to improving ClTr access. We compared differences in caregiver-reported barriers to pediatric oncology ClTr participation across socioeconomic status (SES) and racial and ethnic groups through a nationwide anonymous online survey of caregivers of children with cancer. We also explored associations among caregiver HL, HMH, and barriers to trial participation.

methodsEnglish- and/or Spanish-speaking caregivers of children diagnosed with cancer in the last 5 years completed the Research Participation Survey - Caregiver (RPS-C) assessing caregiver-reported barriers to ClTr participation, the validated Health Literacy Survey-12 (HLS

resultsOf 59 participants, 64% were socioeconomically under-resourced, 52.5% identified as racially or ethnically underrepresented per NIH criteria, and 62% reported their child had not participated in a ClTr. Under-resourced caregivers reported higher RPS-C barrier scores than adequately resourced caregivers (z = 3.18, p = 0.001). There were no significant differences in barrier scores across underrepresented vs represented racial and ethnic groups (p = 0.069). Lower HL (rho = -0.51, p < 0.001) and higher HMH (rho = 0.57, p < 0.001) were associated with higher barrier scores. The most frequently identified barrier was difficulty understanding study risks (> 90%).

conclusionsUnder-resourced SES, HMH, and lower HL were associated with increased reported barriers to ClTr participation. Caregivers reported modifiable barriers that could be targets for intervention to improve ClTr participation and reduce disparities in childhood cancer outcomes.

Indexed as

CaregiversClinical Trials as TopicNeoplasmsAdolescentAdultChildChild, PreschoolEthnicityFemaleHealth LiteracyHumansMaleMiddle AgedRacial GroupsSocioeconomic Disparities in HealthSocioeconomic FactorsClinical trialsHealth disparitiesHousehold material hardshipPediatric oncology

Identifiers

PMID42307694

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.