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ArticleSupportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer2026

Factors influencing care for patients with gynecologic malignancies from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds: a questionnaire study (iCALD-2).

Lawrence Kasherman, Dina Braik, Eduardo Gonzalez-Ochoa, Arundhati Shukla, Oyinlade Odujoko, Katherine Lajkosz, Crystal Wang, Robert Grant, Neesha Dhani, Valerie Bowering and 4 more

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Article in Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Lawrence Kasherman *Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Dina Braik *Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Eduardo Gonzalez-OchoaDivision of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Arundhati ShuklaDivision of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Oyinlade OdujokoDivision of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Katherine LajkoszDepartment of Biostatistics, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Crystal WangDivision of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Robert GrantDivision of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Neesha DhaniDivision of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Valerie BoweringDivision of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Jennifer CrokeRadiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Lauren PhilpDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Amit OzaDivision of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Stephanie LheureuxDivision of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada. stephanie.lheureux@uhn.ca.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeCulturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) populations affected by cancer experience challenges within healthcare systems leading to inequities and disparities in care. This study aimed to describe factors that affect care for gynecologic cancer patients from CALD backgrounds by gathering perspectives from patients, interpreters, and cancer care professionals.

methodsThis questionnaire-based study was conducted in the Gynecologic Oncology Clinics at Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, Canada. Study-specific questionnaires were administered to CALD patients, professional interpreters, and cancer care professionals with domains including demographics, clinic experiences, and perceived barriers and facilitators to care. Descriptive statistics summarized survey results and content analysis of free-text answers was performed.

resultsBetween May 2022 and December 2023, 23 patients, 10 interpreters, and 11 cancer care professionals completed surveys. Twenty (87%) patients reported English proficiency as "poor" or "very poor," but most were confident in participating in treatment decision-making (n = 20, 87%). Most agreed (n = 15, 65%) that interpretive services were beneficial however 12 (52%) preferred family members or bilingual staff to interpret. All interpreters were comfortable facilitating oncology discussions, but eight (80%) had previously been asked by family members to withhold information about cancer diagnosis or prognosis. Ten (91%) cancer care professionals reported interpreters improved care delivery for CALD patients.

conclusionWhile language interpretation is crucial to effective cancer care delivery for CALD patients, factors including family support and patient preferences may impact consultation dynamics and patient experiences. These factors need to be considered upon implementing future interventions to optimize care.

Indexed as

Communication BarriersCultural DiversityGenital Neoplasms, FemaleAdultAgedCanadaFemaleHumansLanguageMedical InterpretingMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesCulturally and linguistically diverseGynecologic cancerInterpreter servicesQuestionnaire

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.