Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42307248›Full record

ArticleJournal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID2026

Initial Testing of a Novel, Mental Imagery-Based Anxiety Intervention for People With Mild to Moderate Intellectual Disabilities Using a Single Case Experimental Design.

Olivia M Hewitt, Paul A Thompson, Craig Steel, Peter E Langdon

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Designing and Delivering a Dissemination Programme With Co-Researchers With Intellectual Disabilities.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Olivia M HewittIntellectual Disabilities Research Institute (IDRIS), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6393-2388
Paul A ThompsonIntellectual Disabilities Research Institute (IDRIS), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9940-6913
Craig SteelOxford Institute of Clinical Psychology Training and Research, Oxford, UK.
Peter E LangdonIntellectual Disabilities Research Institute (IDRIS), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7745-1825

Funding

National Institute for Health and Care Research NIHR300501
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPeople with intellectual disabilities experience higher anxiety rates and barriers accessing effective interventions. This study conducted initial testing and refinement of Co-MAID, a novel mental imagery-based anxiety intervention co-designed with people with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities.

methodsSix participants received 9-12 individual sessions using a non-concurrent multiple baseline design. Sessions focused on positive imagery generation, attention shifting and image property modification. Acceptability was assessed through interviews and adherence measures.

resultsFive participants completed the intervention with 92.6% session attendance. Template analysis revealed positive experiences with improved mood and reduced anxiety. Three participants (50%) demonstrated reliable change on the primary anxiety measure, meeting clinically significant change criteria.

conclusionsCo-MAID demonstrated good acceptability with some preliminary evidence of anxiety reduction in people with mild to moderate intellectual disability. Further research with larger samples and controlled designs will establish the feasibility of a randomised control trial leading to a Phase III trial.

Indexed as

AnxietyImagery, PsychotherapyIntellectual DisabilityAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSingle-Case Studies as Topicanxietyco‐designintellectual disabilitymental imagerysingle case experimental design

Identifiers

PMID42307248
PMCPMC13274475

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.