Critical Reflection on the Use in Canada of the Canadian Model of Occupational Performance and Engagement.

backgroundThrough the teaching of the Canadian Model of Occupational Performance and Engagement (CMOP-E), a number of repeated challenges were witnessed. The purpose was to critically reflect, through dialogue, on potential additions to align with societal evolution. PROCESS: The application of the CMOP-E was discussed with occupational therapy students for over more than 20 years of teaching at both the undergraduate level and the professional master's level in occupational therapy. Three key issues repeatedly emerged and triggered an in-depth reflection. The content of this reflection was discussed with a variety of senior academics holding expertise in the CMOP-E. KEY ISSUES: Arguments supporting the idea that it would be of value to make explicit the concept of "identity" within the spirituality dimension are proposed. The environment should be considered at three levels: micro, meso, and macro levels, and a reflection is presented on the space that should be allowed for "virtual" as another category of environment. Lastly, "relationships" should be explicitly considered as a domain of occupation and not as an affective state or the social environment. IMPLICATIONS: Making these three "additions" to the description of the model will help to clarify how the CMOP-E can be used in contemporary practice.